Ethnography is a qualitative research method that involves observing and interacting with participants in their natural settings over a period of time.

Action research is a type of research that is conducted by practitioners to solve a specific problem in their own practice.

Face validity is not a type of validity in educational research. It refers to the extent to which a research instrument appears to measure what it is intended to measure.

A literature review in educational research serves multiple purposes, including identifying gaps in the research, summarizing existing research findings, and developing a theoretical framework.

Meta-analysis is not a common type of data analysis method used in educational research. It is a statistical technique used to combine the results of multiple studies.

Theory plays a crucial role in educational research by guiding the research process, explaining research findings, and generating hypotheses.

Narrative design is not a common type of research design used in educational research. It is a qualitative research design that involves collecting and analyzing stories and experiences.

A research proposal in educational research serves multiple purposes, including obtaining funding for the research, outlining the research plan, and gaining approval from an institutional review board.

Action research is not a common type of research method used in educational research. It is a type of research that is conducted by practitioners to solve a specific problem in their own practice.

Ethics plays a crucial role in educational research by protecting the rights of participants, ensuring the validity of the research, and maintaining the confidentiality of data.

Experiment is not a common type of data collection method used in educational research. It is a type of research design that involves manipulating variables to determine their effects on outcomes.

A research report in educational research serves multiple purposes, including communicating research findings, documenting the research process, and providing recommendations for practice.

Action research question is not a common type of research question used in educational research. It is a type of research question that is used in action research, which is a type of research that is conducted by practitioners to solve a specific problem in their own practice.

The researcher plays a crucial role in educational research by designing the research study, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting research findings.

Publication bias is not a common type of research bias in educational research. It is a type of bias that occurs when research findings are more likely to be published if they are positive or significant.