CEDAW is the only international convention that specifically addresses the rights of women and girls in the context of forced migration. It prohibits discrimination against women in all areas of life, including in the context of migration and displacement.

Women and girls in forced migration face a multitude of risks and challenges, including increased risk of sexual and gender-based violence, limited access to healthcare and education, exploitation and abuse in the workplace, and social stigma and discrimination.

Gender intersects with other factors, such as race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, to create unique vulnerabilities and challenges for forced migrants. For example, women and girls from marginalized racial or ethnic groups may face multiple forms of discrimination and violence, while LGBTQI+ individuals may face persecution and discrimination based on their sexual orientation or gender identity.

Gender-based violence can manifest in a variety of ways in the context of forced migration, including sexual assault and rape, domestic violence, forced marriage and early marriage, and trafficking for sexual exploitation.

There are a number of key challenges in addressing gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including lack of access to justice and legal protection, stigma and shame associated with reporting gender-based violence, limited availability of specialized services for survivors of gender-based violence, and cultural and social norms that perpetuate gender inequality and violence.

There are a number of best practices for addressing gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including providing comprehensive and accessible services for survivors of gender-based violence, raising awareness of gender-based violence and its impact on forced migrants, empowering women and girls through education and skills training, and challenging cultural and social norms that perpetuate gender inequality and violence.

International law provides a framework for protecting the rights of women and girls in forced migration, including the right to be free from gender-based violence. States have an obligation under international law to protect the rights of all persons, including forced migrants, and to take measures to prevent and address gender-based violence.

There are a number of key challenges in implementing international law to address gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including lack of political will and commitment to implement international law, limited resources and capacity to implement international law, and cultural and social norms that resist the implementation of international law.

There are a number of promising practices and initiatives that are being undertaken to address gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including the development of national action plans and policies to address gender-based violence in forced migration, the establishment of specialized services for survivors of gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, the provision of training and capacity-building for professionals working with forced migrants, and the engagement of men and boys in efforts to prevent and address gender-based violence.

There are a number of key challenges that remain in addressing gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including lack of funding and resources, limited political will and commitment, and cultural and social norms that perpetuate gender inequality and violence.

There are a number of ways in which men and boys can be engaged in efforts to prevent and address gender-based violence in forced migration contexts, including challenging harmful gender norms and stereotypes, promoting gender equality and women's empowerment, providing support and mentorship to boys and young men, and holding perpetrators of gender-based violence accountable.

Education plays a crucial role in preventing and addressing gender-based violence in forced migration contexts. Education can help to challenge harmful gender norms and stereotypes, provide women and girls with the skills and knowledge they need to protect themselves from gender-based violence, and empower women and girls to speak out against gender-based violence.

There are a number of key challenges in providing education to women and girls in forced migration contexts, including lack of access to schools and educational facilities, cultural and social barriers to girls' education, and limited resources and funding for education.

There are a number of promising practices and initiatives that are being undertaken to provide education to women and girls in forced migration contexts, including the establishment of community-based schools and learning centers, the provision of scholarships and financial assistance to women and girls, the development of culturally sensitive and gender-responsive curricula, and the training of teachers and educators to work with women and girls in forced migration contexts.