Ocean acidification is caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the ocean. This process lowers the pH of the ocean, making it more acidic.

Industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and sewage discharge are all major sources of marine pollution. These pollutants can contain harmful chemicals, nutrients, and pathogens that can damage marine ecosystems.

Erosion is the process by which waves erode the shoreline. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including abrasion, hydraulic action, and solution.

A seawall is a structure built along the shoreline to protect it from erosion. Seawalls can be made of a variety of materials, including concrete, rock, and steel.

Deposition is the process by which sediment is deposited on the shoreline. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including wave action, currents, and gravity.

Scour is the process by which sediment is removed from the shoreline. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including wave action, currents, and storms.

Longshore drift is the process by which sediment is transported along the shoreline. This occurs when waves approach the shore at an angle, causing sediment to be moved in the direction of the wave's approach.

Delta formation is the process by which sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river. This occurs when the river's flow slows down and the sediment it carries is deposited.

Marsh formation is the process by which sediment is deposited in a salt marsh. This occurs when sediment is trapped by the marsh's vegetation and gradually builds up over time.

Reef formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a coral reef. This occurs when sediment is trapped by the reef's structure and gradually builds up over time.

Beach formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a beach. This occurs when sediment is transported to the beach by waves and currents and gradually builds up over time.

Sandbar formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a sandbar. This occurs when sediment is transported to the sandbar by waves and currents and gradually builds up over time.

Mudflat formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a mudflat. This occurs when sediment is transported to the mudflat by waves and currents and gradually builds up over time.

Mangrove forest formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a mangrove forest. This occurs when sediment is trapped by the forest's roots and gradually builds up over time.

Salt flat formation is the process by which sediment is deposited on a salt flat. This occurs when sediment is transported to the salt flat by waves and currents and gradually builds up over time.