The Big Bang Theory suggests that the universe began as a singularity, a point of infinite density and temperature, and expanded rapidly, creating matter and energy.

Quarks are subatomic particles that combine to form protons, neutrons, and other hadrons.

The Anderson-Neddermeyer Cloud Chamber Experiment detected the existence of positrons, the antimatter counterparts of electrons.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

The Cyclic Cosmology Theory suggests that the universe undergoes a cycle of expansion, contraction, and rebirth, with matter being created and destroyed in each cycle.

Pair production is the process by which a photon of sufficient energy is converted into an electron and a positron.

The Large Hadron Collider Experiment detected the existence of the Higgs boson, a subatomic particle that is believed to be responsible for giving mass to other particles.

Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a theory that attempts to unify the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear forces into a single framework.

The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) Satellite Experiment detected the cosmic microwave background radiation, a remnant of the early universe.

Multiverse Theory suggests that there are multiple universes, each with its own set of physical laws and properties.

Galaxy Rotation Curve Experiment provided evidence for the existence of dark matter, a mysterious substance that does not emit or reflect light.

Quantum Cosmology is a theory that attempts to explain the origin of the universe from a quantum vacuum, a state of nothingness.

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Experiment detected the existence of gravitational waves, ripples in spacetime caused by massive objects accelerating.

String Theory suggests that the fundamental constituents of the universe are not point-like particles, but tiny vibrating strings.

Neutrino Oscillation Experiment provided evidence for the existence of the neutrino, a subatomic particle with very little mass.