Water quality assessment aims to determine the presence and concentration of pollutants in water, providing valuable information for pollution control and management.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) measures the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms while decomposing organic matter in water, indicating the extent of organic pollution.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial for aquatic life, as it is essential for respiration and survival of aquatic organisms. Low DO levels can indicate pollution or poor water quality.

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to measure the concentration of specific heavy metals in water by analyzing the absorption of light by metal atoms.

Water quality monitoring serves multiple purposes, including tracking changes in water quality, identifying pollution sources, and evaluating the effectiveness of water management strategies.

Total Coliform Count is a widely used indicator of microbial water quality, as the presence of coliform bacteria indicates potential contamination with fecal matter.

pH is a crucial parameter in water quality assessment, as it affects the corrosiveness of water, the suitability of water for aquatic life, and the effectiveness of water treatment processes.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, and Salinity are all commonly used parameters to assess the salinity of water, which is important for various purposes such as irrigation and drinking water supply.

Water quality standards are established to protect human health, preserve aquatic ecosystems, and ensure the suitability of water for various uses, such as drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes.

Nitrate, Phosphate, and Ammonia are all commonly used parameters to assess the presence of nutrients in water, as excessive nutrient levels can lead to eutrophication and water quality degradation.

Water quality treatment aims to remove pollutants, improve the taste and odor of water, adjust the pH, and ensure the overall quality of water meets the desired standards.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) are all commonly used techniques to assess the presence of pesticides in water.

Turbidity is a crucial parameter in water quality assessment, as it provides information about the clarity of water, the presence of suspended solids, and the effectiveness of water filtration processes.

Purge and Trap Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (P&T GC-MS), Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME), and Headspace Gas Chromatography (HS-GC) are all commonly used techniques to assess the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in water.

Water quality management aims to protect water resources from pollution, ensure the sustainable use of water resources, and improve water quality for various uses, such as drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes.