The Natya Shastra, written by Bharata Muni, is an ancient Indian treatise on performing arts, including music. It discusses the role of music in society, its impact on human emotions, and the various elements of music.

Sargam is the term used for the main melodic framework of a raga in Indian classical music. It consists of a series of notes that define the melodic structure and character of the raga.

Carnatic Music, originating from South India, is known for its intricate rhythmic patterns, complex compositions, and emphasis on improvisation. It is one of the two major classical music genres in India, along with Hindustani Music.

The harmonium is a traditional Indian instrument commonly used to accompany devotional music and bhajans. It is a keyboard instrument that produces sound by pumping air through reeds.

Bharatanatyam is a classical Indian dance form originating from Tamil Nadu. It is known for its graceful movements, expressive storytelling, and intricate footwork. Bharatanatyam is one of the most popular and widely performed classical dance forms in India.

Tala is the term used for the rhythmic cycle that provides the foundation for a musical composition in Indian music. It consists of a fixed number of beats, arranged in a specific pattern, and provides the rhythmic framework for the music.

The sitar is a long-necked string instrument used in Hindustani classical music. It is known for its distinctive sound, produced by plucking the strings with a wire plectrum. The sitar is a popular instrument in Indian classical music and is often used in solo performances and ensemble settings.

Alap is the term used for the improvised section in Indian classical music. It is an unmetered, slow-tempo section where musicians explore the melodic possibilities of a raga, showcasing their creativity and virtuosity. Alap is an important part of Indian classical music performances and allows musicians to establish the mood and atmosphere of the raga.

Hindustani Music, originating from North India, is known for its emphasis on vocal improvisation and intricate melodic structures. It is one of the two major classical music genres in India, along with Carnatic Music. Hindustani Music is characterized by its use of ragas, talas, and various vocal techniques.

Thillana is the term used for the concluding section of a Carnatic music composition. It is characterized by a fast tempo, rhythmic complexity, and intricate footwork by the dancers. Thillana is often performed as a solo dance item in Carnatic music concerts.

Kathakali is a classical Indian dance form originating from Kerala. It is known for its energetic movements, vibrant costumes, and elaborate facial expressions. Kathakali performances often depict mythological stories and characters, and the dancers use intricate hand gestures and body movements to convey emotions and narratives.

Mridangam is the term used for the traditional Indian music ensemble that accompanies classical dance performances. It consists of a barrel-shaped drum played with the hands and a pair of cymbals. The mridangam provides rhythmic accompaniment to the dance and helps maintain the tempo and structure of the performance.

Hindustani Music, originating from North India, is known for its emphasis on instrumental music and the use of ragas and talas. It is one of the two major classical music genres in India, along with Carnatic Music. Hindustani Music is characterized by its use of various instruments, including the sitar, tabla, and sarangi.

Bhajan is the term used for the devotional music genre in India that is often performed in temples and religious gatherings. It is characterized by simple melodies, repetitive lyrics, and a focus on spiritual themes. Bhajans are often sung in a call-and-response format, with a lead singer and a chorus of devotees.

Odissi is a classical Indian dance form originating from Odisha. It is known for its graceful movements, intricate footwork, and expressive storytelling. Odissi performances often depict mythological stories and characters, and the dancers use intricate hand gestures and body movements to convey emotions and narratives.