The principle of animal property considers animals as chattels or personal property, denying them legal personhood and the ability to possess legal rights.

The Animal Welfare Act of 1966 covers the treatment of animals in research facilities, zoos and aquariums, circuses and rodeos, and other animal-related industries.

CITES, CBD, and the Ramsar Convention are international treaties that aim to protect wild animals and their habitats by regulating trade, promoting conservation, and designating protected areas.

Animal sentience encompasses the ability of animals to feel pain and suffering, experience emotions, and make rational decisions, based on their sensory and cognitive capacities.

Utilitarianism in animal ethics aims to maximize overall happiness and minimize suffering, considering the interests of all affected parties, including animals.

Animal rights theory argues that animals have inherent moral and legal standing, including the right to life, liberty, and freedom from exploitation and suffering.

The principle of animal dignity recognizes that animals have inherent value and should be treated with respect and consideration, regardless of their usefulness or sentience.

Factory farming refers to the intensive confinement of animals in large-scale industrial facilities, often characterized by poor living conditions and lack of access to natural behaviors.

Animal contractualism is an ethical theory that proposes that animals have moral standing based on their capacity for rational thought and language, similar to humans.

Speciesism is a form of discrimination that favors one species over others, typically humans over non-human animals, based on arbitrary or irrelevant criteria.

The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare are a set of basic principles that aim to ensure the well-being of animals in various settings, including farms, laboratories, and zoos.

Animal liberation is a social and political movement that advocates for the abolition of animal exploitation and the liberation of animals from captivity and suffering.

The principle of animal sentience acknowledges that animals have the capacity to feel pain and suffer, which has implications for their moral and legal status.

Animal personhood encompasses the idea that animals have legal rights and responsibilities, are moral agents capable of making choices, and deserve to be treated with respect and consideration.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international treaty that aims to conserve biodiversity, ensure the sustainable use of biological resources, and promote fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of genetic resources.