Installing solar panels is a renewable energy technology, not an energy efficiency measure.

Pumped hydro storage involves pumping water uphill during times of excess energy production and releasing it downhill through a turbine to generate electricity when needed, making it suitable for long-duration energy storage.

Energy efficiency technologies can contribute to the integration of renewable energy sources into the grid by reducing demand, increasing generation efficiency, and improving grid reliability and stability.

Passive energy efficiency measures do not require active control or energy input to operate. Installing energy-efficient windows is an example of a passive measure that reduces heat loss or gain through windows.

Energy efficiency technologies in renewable energy systems offer multiple benefits, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions, lowering energy costs, and improving energy security.

Flywheels store energy in the form of rotating mass and can deliver high power output quickly, making them suitable for short-term, high-power applications.

Energy efficiency technologies can help mitigate the intermittency of renewable energy sources by reducing demand, increasing generation efficiency, and improving grid reliability and stability.

HVAC optimization involves fine-tuning the operation of HVAC systems to reduce energy consumption while maintaining comfort levels.

The intermittency of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, poses a challenge to grid operators as they need to balance supply and demand in real-time.

Pumped hydro storage is a mature and cost-effective technology for grid-scale energy storage, involving pumping water uphill during times of excess energy production and releasing it downhill through a turbine to generate electricity when needed.

Energy efficiency technologies contribute to energy security by reducing demand, increasing production and distribution efficiency, and improving system reliability and resilience.

Building insulation involves adding materials to building envelopes to reduce heat transfer, improving thermal performance and reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.

Energy storage systems in renewable energy systems offer multiple benefits, including storing excess energy, providing backup power, and improving grid reliability and stability.

Energy-efficient lighting involves using technologies such as LED and CFL bulbs, which consume less energy while providing the same or better lighting levels.

Energy efficiency technologies contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by reducing demand, increasing generation efficiency, and improving grid reliability and stability.