A diode's primary function is to allow current to flow in one direction while blocking it in the opposite direction, a process known as rectification.

In a transistor, the base region controls the flow of current between the emitter and collector.

The main purpose of an integrated circuit (IC) is to reduce the number of components required to build a circuit, making it more compact and efficient.

Silicon is the most commonly used semiconductor material in the fabrication of solar cells due to its abundance, low cost, and high efficiency in converting light energy into electrical energy.

The primary function of a capacitor in an electronic circuit is to store electrical energy in the form of an electric field.

MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) are commonly used as switches in digital circuits due to their high switching speed, low power consumption, and ability to be easily integrated into complex circuits.

The main purpose of a transformer is to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current (AC) electrical signal.

A Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is an electronic device that emits light when an electric current passes through it.

The primary function of an inductor in an electronic circuit is to store electrical energy in the form of a magnetic field.

BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistors) are commonly used in analog circuits for signal amplification due to their high gain and linearity.

The main purpose of a resistor in an electronic circuit is to limit the flow of current.

A rectifier is an electronic device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

The primary function of a fuse in an electrical circuit is to protect the circuit from overcurrent by melting and interrupting the flow of current.

A potentiometer is an electronic device that is used to control the flow of current in a circuit by varying the resistance.

The main purpose of a relay in an electrical circuit is to control the flow of current in a circuit by opening or closing contacts.