Urbanization is the process of population movement from rural areas to urban areas.

Industrialization, technological advancements, and economic opportunities are all major factors that contribute to urbanization.

Urbanization can lead to increased economic opportunities, improved infrastructure, and access to better education and healthcare.

Urbanization can lead to increased pollution, traffic congestion, and overcrowding.

Urban sprawl is the process of urban areas expanding into surrounding rural areas.

Gentrification is the process of renovating and improving a rundown urban area, typically leading to an increase in property values and displacement of low-income residents.

Affordable housing is the term used to describe the process of providing housing that is affordable to low-income residents in urban areas.

Adaptive reuse is the process of converting non-residential buildings into residential units.

Infill development is the process of increasing the density of housing units in a given area.

Mixed-use development is the process of creating developments that combine residential, commercial, and retail uses in the same area.

Transit-oriented development is the process of creating developments that are designed to be walkable, bikeable, and accessible by public transportation.

Sustainable development is the process of creating developments that minimize environmental impact and promote social equity.

New urbanism is the process of creating new urban areas that are designed to be more sustainable and livable.

Green development is the process of creating developments that are designed to be environmentally friendly and energy-efficient.

Resilient development is the process of creating developments that are designed to be resilient to climate change and other environmental challenges.