The cerebrum, which constitutes the largest part of the brain, is responsible for controlling voluntary movement, as well as higher-level functions such as language, memory, and problem-solving.

The cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating movement, balance, and posture. It helps in maintaining equilibrium and smooth, coordinated muscle movements.

A craniotomy is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the skull is temporarily removed to access the brain. It is commonly performed to treat brain tumors, aneurysms, and other neurological conditions.

A laminectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing the lamina, or the back part of a vertebra, to relieve pressure on the spinal cord. It is commonly performed to treat conditions such as spinal stenosis and herniated discs.

Stereotactic radiosurgery is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique that uses a high-intensity beam of radiation to precisely target and destroy cancerous cells in the brain while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure that involves implanting electrodes into specific brain regions to deliver electrical pulses. It is used to treat a variety of neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor, by stimulating nerve cells and alleviating symptoms.

Discectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing a herniated disc from the spine. It is commonly performed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots caused by the herniated disc.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the brain and spine. It is commonly used in neurosurgery to diagnose and monitor various neurological conditions.

Cranioplasty is a surgical procedure that involves repairing a skull fracture. It is typically performed to restore the shape and integrity of the skull, protect the brain, and prevent complications such as infection or seizures.

Decompressive craniectomy is a neurosurgical procedure that involves creating a new opening in the skull to relieve pressure on the brain. It is commonly performed in cases of severe brain swelling or trauma to prevent further damage.

The brainstem is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and sleep-wake cycles. It also plays a role in relaying sensory and motor information between the brain and the rest of the body.

Cordotomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing a portion of the spinal cord to treat a condition such as a tumor or cyst. It is typically performed to relieve pain or other symptoms caused by the spinal cord compression.

Neurorrhaphy is a surgical procedure that involves repairing a nerve injury. It is typically performed by suturing the severed nerve ends together to restore nerve function.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure that involves implanting a device that delivers electrical stimulation to the brain to treat conditions such as epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. The device is programmed to deliver specific patterns of electrical stimulation to targeted brain regions, helping to alleviate symptoms.

A craniotomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing a portion of the skull to access the brain. It is commonly performed to remove blood clots from the brain, treat brain tumors, and repair brain injuries.