Consciousness is the subjective experience of the world, including thoughts, feelings, and sensations. It is a complex phenomenon that is still not fully understood by scientists.

Thomas Nagel is a philosopher known for his theory of qualia, or subjective experiences. He argues that qualia are irreducible to physical properties and that they pose a challenge to physicalist theories of consciousness.

Self-awareness is the ability to be aware of one's own thoughts and feelings. It is a complex cognitive process that is thought to be unique to humans.

Christof Koch is a neuroscientist known for his work on the neural correlates of consciousness. He has proposed a number of theories about how consciousness arises from the brain's activity.

Emergentism is the theory that consciousness is an emergent property of complex systems. It argues that consciousness arises from the interactions of many different components, such as neurons in the brain.

Alfred North Whitehead is a philosopher known for his theory of panpsychism, or the idea that consciousness is a fundamental property of all matter. He argued that consciousness is not just a product of the brain, but is present in all things.

Materialism is the theory that consciousness is a product of the brain's activity. It argues that consciousness is not a separate entity from the brain, but is instead a result of the brain's physical processes.

René Descartes is a philosopher known for his theory of dualism, or the idea that consciousness is a separate entity from the brain. He argued that the mind and the body are two distinct substances.

Enactivism is the theory that consciousness is a product of the brain's interactions with the environment. It argues that consciousness is not a passive observer of the world, but is instead an active participant in it.

George Berkeley is a philosopher known for his theory of idealism, or the idea that reality is a product of the mind. He argued that the physical world is not independent of the mind, but is instead a collection of ideas that exist in the mind.

Information-processing theory is the theory that consciousness is a product of the brain's ability to process information. It argues that consciousness is not a separate entity from the brain, but is instead a result of the brain's ability to receive, store, and process information.

Andy Clark is a philosopher known for his theory of the extended mind, or the idea that consciousness includes elements of the environment. He argues that the mind is not confined to the brain, but instead extends into the environment.

Global workspace theory is the theory that consciousness is a product of the brain's ability to create internal models of the world. It argues that consciousness is not a separate entity from the brain, but is instead a result of the brain's ability to integrate information from different parts of the brain into a unified representation of the world.

Giulio Tononi is a philosopher known for his theory of integrated information theory, or the idea that consciousness is a product of the brain's ability to integrate information. He argues that consciousness is not a separate entity from the brain, but is instead a result of the brain's ability to integrate information from different parts of the brain into a unified representation of the world.

Narrative theory is the theory that consciousness is a product of the brain's ability to create narratives. It argues that consciousness is not a separate entity from the brain, but is instead a result of the brain's ability to create stories about itself and its experiences.