Rhythm, whether in music or visual arts, is used to create a sense of movement, flow, and energy. It helps guide the viewer's or listener's attention and establishes a sense of progression.

Pattern refers to the repetition of a visual element or motif in a work of art. It creates a sense of unity, rhythm, and visual interest, and can be used to convey various meanings and emotions.

Harmony refers to the simultaneous combination of different notes to create a pleasing sound. It involves the arrangement of chords and their progression, and plays a crucial role in creating emotional impact and depth in music.

Chiaroscuro is a visual art technique that uses light and shadow to create a sense of depth, dimension, and drama in a work of art. It involves the careful manipulation of light and dark areas to enhance the illusion of three-dimensionality.

Form refers to the overall structure and arrangement of a piece of music. It involves the organization of musical elements such as sections, themes, and movements, and determines the overall shape and flow of the composition.

Emphasis in visual arts is similar to a musical crescendo. It involves drawing attention to a particular element or area of the artwork through techniques such as contrast, color, size, or placement, creating a focal point that guides the viewer's gaze.

Modulation refers to the gradual transition from one key or color to another in music and visual arts. It involves a smooth and controlled shift, creating a sense of movement and progression.

Texture in visual arts is analogous to timbre in music. It refers to the surface quality and appearance of an artwork, including elements such as brushstrokes, patterns, and the use of different materials. Texture can convey various tactile and visual sensations.

Sequence in music involves the repetition of a melodic or rhythmic pattern at different pitches, creating a sense of progression and development. It is a common technique used to create melodies and accompaniments.

Iconography in visual arts is similar to a musical leitmotif. It involves the use of symbols, images, and motifs that carry specific meanings or associations, often related to cultural, historical, or religious contexts.

Contrast is a fundamental element in both music and visual arts. It involves the use of contrasting elements, such as light and dark, high and low pitches, or different colors, to create visual or auditory interest and tension.

Punctuation in visual arts is analogous to a musical cadence. It refers to the use of visual elements, such as line, shape, or color, to create a sense of pause, separation, or conclusion within a composition, providing a sense of structure and organization.

Expression in music refers to the overall mood or atmosphere created by a piece of music. It involves the use of various musical elements, such as dynamics, tempo, and harmony, to convey emotions and feelings to the listener.

Sketching in visual arts is similar to improvisation in music. It involves the spontaneous and freehand creation of marks, lines, and shapes, often as a preliminary step to a more developed artwork. Sketching allows artists to explore ideas, experiment with compositions, and capture fleeting impressions.

Composition in both music and visual arts refers to the deliberate arrangement and organization of elements within a work. It involves the placement, proportion, and relationship between various elements to create a unified and visually or aurally pleasing result.