The Upanishads, part of the Vedas, contain philosophical and spiritual insights, including discussions on the nature of reality, consciousness, and the relationship between the individual and the universe.

The concept of 'Shunya' (zero) in Indian mathematics revolutionized computational methods, enabling the development of place-value notation and arithmetic operations.

Pingala, an ancient Indian mathematician, is credited with developing the Fibonacci sequence, a series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.

Indian mathematicians made significant contributions to trigonometry, including the development of the concepts of sine and cosine, the formulation of trigonometric identities, and the construction of trigonometric tables.

The concept of 'Maya' in Indian philosophy refers to the idea that the world we perceive is an illusion, a veil that obscures the true nature of reality.

Many Indian philosophers believed that mathematics is a reflection of the underlying order and harmony of the universe, providing insights into the nature of reality.

Gautama Buddha emphasized the importance of logical reasoning and syllogism in philosophical inquiry, using them to analyze the nature of suffering and the path to liberation.

The concept of 'Lila' in Indian philosophy refers to the cosmic play of the divine, the idea that the universe is a manifestation of the divine's creative and playful energy.

Indian mathematicians made significant contributions to the development of calculus, including the concept of limits, the formulation of the fundamental theorem of calculus, and the application of calculus to solve real-world problems.

The concept of 'Brahman' in Indian philosophy refers to the ultimate reality, the unity of all existence, and the source of all creation.

Indian mathematicians made significant contributions to the development of number theory, including the concept of prime numbers, the formulation of the Pythagorean theorem, and the discovery of the irrationality of √2.

The concept of 'Dharma' in Indian philosophy refers to the moral and ethical principles, the path of righteousness, and the cosmic order.

Indian mathematicians made significant contributions to the development of algebra, including the concept of variables, the formulation of algebraic equations, and the development of methods for solving algebraic equations.

The concept of 'Karma' in Indian philosophy refers to the law of cause and effect, the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, and the consequences of one's actions.

Indian mathematicians made significant contributions to the development of geometry, including the concept of geometric shapes, the formulation of geometric theorems, and the application of geometry to solve real-world problems.