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Chemical Engineering Fundamentals

Description: This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of chemical engineering, including mass and energy balances, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: chemical engineering mass and energy balances thermodynamics fluid mechanics heat transfer
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What is the primary goal of chemical engineering?

  1. To design and operate chemical plants

  2. To develop new chemical products

  3. To study the properties of chemicals

  4. To protect the environment

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chemical engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and operation of chemical plants and processes.

What is a mass balance?

  1. An equation that relates the mass of reactants and products in a chemical reaction

  2. An equation that relates the mass of a substance to its volume

  3. An equation that relates the mass of a substance to its temperature

  4. An equation that relates the mass of a substance to its pressure

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A mass balance is an equation that relates the mass of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It is used to determine the amount of reactants and products that are needed or produced in a reaction.

What is an energy balance?

  1. An equation that relates the energy of reactants and products in a chemical reaction

  2. An equation that relates the energy of a substance to its volume

  3. An equation that relates the energy of a substance to its temperature

  4. An equation that relates the energy of a substance to its pressure

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An energy balance is an equation that relates the energy of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It is used to determine the amount of heat that is released or absorbed in a reaction.

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

  1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed

  2. The total amount of energy in the universe is constant

  3. Heat flows from hot objects to cold objects

  4. The entropy of a system always increases

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. This means that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant.

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

  1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed

  2. The total amount of energy in the universe is constant

  3. Heat flows from hot objects to cold objects

  4. The entropy of a system always increases

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system always increases. This means that the universe is becoming increasingly disordered over time.

What is fluid mechanics?

  1. The study of the behavior of fluids

  2. The study of the properties of fluids

  3. The study of the flow of fluids

  4. The study of the heat transfer in fluids

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fluid mechanics is the study of the behavior of fluids. It is a branch of physics that deals with the flow of fluids, the forces that act on fluids, and the properties of fluids.

What is heat transfer?

  1. The transfer of thermal energy between objects

  2. The transfer of mass between objects

  3. The transfer of momentum between objects

  4. The transfer of energy between objects

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heat transfer is the transfer of thermal energy between objects. It is a branch of physics that deals with the mechanisms of heat transfer, the factors that affect heat transfer, and the applications of heat transfer.

What are the three modes of heat transfer?

  1. Conduction, convection, and radiation

  2. Conduction, convection, and evaporation

  3. Conduction, convection, and condensation

  4. Conduction, convection, and sublimation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The three modes of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between objects. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids. Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.

What is the difference between heat and temperature?

  1. Heat is a form of energy, while temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

  2. Heat is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, while temperature is a form of energy

  3. Heat is a measure of the potential energy of the particles in a substance, while temperature is a form of energy

  4. Heat is a measure of the internal energy of a substance, while temperature is a form of energy

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from one object to another. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

What is the ideal gas law?

  1. PV = nRT

  2. PV = nRT/P

  3. PV = nRT/V

  4. PV = nRT/T

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The ideal gas law is a mathematical equation that describes the behavior of ideal gases. It states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas are related by the equation PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.

What is the difference between a chemical reaction and a physical change?

  1. A chemical reaction involves a change in the chemical composition of a substance, while a physical change does not

  2. A chemical reaction involves a change in the physical properties of a substance, while a physical change does not

  3. A chemical reaction involves a change in the state of a substance, while a physical change does not

  4. A chemical reaction involves a change in the energy of a substance, while a physical change does not

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A chemical reaction involves a change in the chemical composition of a substance, while a physical change does not. A physical change is a change in the physical properties of a substance, such as its color, shape, or state.

What is the difference between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture?

  1. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture, while a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture

  2. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are chemically combined, while a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are not chemically combined

  3. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are in the same state, while a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are in different states

  4. A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components have the same properties, while a heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components have different properties

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which the components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

What is the difference between a solution and a suspension?

  1. A solution is a homogeneous mixture, while a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture

  2. A solution is a mixture in which the components are chemically combined, while a suspension is a mixture in which the components are not chemically combined

  3. A solution is a mixture in which the components are in the same state, while a suspension is a mixture in which the components are in different states

  4. A solution is a mixture in which the components have the same properties, while a suspension is a mixture in which the components have different properties

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture, while a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture. A solution is a mixture in which the components are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. A suspension is a mixture in which the components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.

What is the difference between a colloid and a solution?

  1. A colloid is a homogeneous mixture, while a solution is a heterogeneous mixture

  2. A colloid is a mixture in which the components are chemically combined, while a solution is a mixture in which the components are not chemically combined

  3. A colloid is a mixture in which the components are in the same state, while a solution is a mixture in which the components are in different states

  4. A colloid is a mixture in which the components have the same properties, while a solution is a mixture in which the components have different properties

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

A colloid is a mixture in which the components are in different states. A solution is a mixture in which the components are in the same state.

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