Meghnad Saha, an eminent Indian astrophysicist, made significant contributions to the study of stellar spectra and the classification of galaxies.

AstroSat is India's first dedicated astronomy satellite, launched in 2015, primarily designed to study X-ray sources in the universe.

Govind Swarup, an Indian radio astronomer, discovered the first extragalactic radio source, Cygnus A, in 1951.

The Himalayan Chandra Telescope, located at the Devasthal Observatory in Uttarakhand, is a 2-meter optical telescope used for astronomical observations.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, an Indian-American astrophysicist, was the first to propose the existence of black holes in 1930.

Mangalyaan, also known as the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India's first interplanetary mission, successfully placing a satellite in Mars' orbit in 2014.

Jayant Narlikar, an Indian astrophysicist and cosmologist, is known for his work on the evolution of galaxies and the Hoyle-Narlikar theory of gravity.

The Gamma-ray Astronomy Mission, also known as Astrosat-2, is an Indian space observatory designed to study gamma-ray sources in the universe.

Hermann Bondi, an Austrian-born British cosmologist, was the first to propose the idea of a 'Steady State' universe, which was later supported by Indian astronomer Jayant Narlikar.

Chandrayaan-1, India's first lunar mission, successfully placed a satellite in lunar orbit in 2008.

Vikram Sarabhai, an Indian physicist and astronomer, is known for his work on the formation and evolution of stars, as well as his contributions to the establishment of the Indian space program.

The Venus Orbiter Mission, also known as Shukrayaan-1, is an Indian space mission planned to study the atmosphere and surface of Venus.

T. Padmanabhan, an Indian physicist and cosmologist, is known for his work on the dynamics of galaxies, black holes, and cosmology.

The Jupiter Orbiter Mission, also known as Jupiterian Moons Explorer, is an Indian space mission planned to study the planet Jupiter and its moons.