Hubble Space Telescope and Cosmology

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your knowledge of the Hubble Space Telescope and its contributions to cosmology.
Number of Questions: 15
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What was the primary mission of the Hubble Space Telescope?

  1. To study the formation and evolution of galaxies.

  2. To search for planets outside our solar system.

  3. To observe the most distant objects in the universe.

  4. To study the effects of space weather on Earth.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope was primarily designed to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, as well as the properties of stars, planets, and other objects in the universe.

When was the Hubble Space Telescope launched?

  1. 1989

  2. 1990

  3. 1991

  4. 1992


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope was launched on April 24, 1990, aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery.

What is the Hubble Space Telescope's orbit?

  1. Low Earth orbit

  2. Geosynchronous orbit

  3. Highly elliptical orbit

  4. Polar orbit


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope orbits Earth at an altitude of approximately 547 kilometers (340 miles), which is considered low Earth orbit.

What is the Hubble Space Telescope's primary mirror diameter?

  1. 2.4 meters (7.9 feet)

  2. 4.2 meters (13.8 feet)

  3. 6.5 meters (21.3 feet)

  4. 8.3 meters (27.2 feet)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope's primary mirror has a diameter of 2.4 meters (7.9 feet), which is relatively small compared to ground-based telescopes.

What is the Hubble Space Telescope's main scientific instrument?

  1. Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2)

  2. Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)

  3. Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS)

  4. Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) was the Hubble Space Telescope's main scientific instrument at launch and was responsible for capturing many of the telescope's most iconic images.

What is the Hubble Space Telescope's expected lifespan?

  1. 10 years

  2. 15 years

  3. 20 years

  4. 30 years


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope was originally designed for a 10-year mission, but it has been extended several times and is now expected to operate for at least 30 years.

What is the Hubble Space Telescope's most significant contribution to cosmology?

  1. Measuring the expansion rate of the universe

  2. Determining the age of the universe

  3. Discovering dark matter

  4. Observing the first galaxies


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope's most significant contribution to cosmology is its measurement of the expansion rate of the universe, which led to the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe.

What is the Hubble constant?

  1. The rate at which the universe is expanding

  2. The age of the universe

  3. The distance to the nearest galaxy

  4. The mass of the Milky Way galaxy


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble constant is a measure of the rate at which the universe is expanding, and it is one of the most important numbers in cosmology.

What is the value of the Hubble constant?

  1. 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec

  2. 80 kilometers per second per megaparsec

  3. 90 kilometers per second per megaparsec

  4. 100 kilometers per second per megaparsec


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The current value of the Hubble constant is approximately 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec, which means that for every megaparsec (3.26 million light-years) of distance, galaxies are moving away from us at a speed of 70 kilometers per second.

What is the significance of the accelerating expansion of the universe?

  1. It means that the universe will eventually stop expanding.

  2. It means that the universe will eventually collapse in on itself.

  3. It means that the universe is filled with a mysterious force called dark energy.

  4. It means that the universe is expanding at a constant rate.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The accelerating expansion of the universe is a major mystery in cosmology, and it is thought to be caused by a mysterious force called dark energy, which makes up about 70% of the energy in the universe.

What is dark energy?

  1. A type of matter that exerts a negative pressure

  2. A type of energy that is associated with the expansion of the universe

  3. A type of radiation that is left over from the Big Bang

  4. A type of particle that is responsible for the acceleration of the universe


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dark energy is a type of energy that is associated with the expansion of the universe and is thought to be responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.

What is the fate of the universe?

  1. It will eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself.

  2. It will continue to expand forever.

  3. It will eventually reach a state of equilibrium.

  4. It will eventually be destroyed by a giant black hole.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The fate of the universe is still unknown, but the current evidence suggests that it will continue to expand forever, driven by the accelerating expansion caused by dark energy.

What is the Hubble Deep Field?

  1. An image of the most distant objects in the universe

  2. An image of the oldest galaxies in the universe

  3. An image of the largest galaxy in the universe

  4. An image of the smallest galaxy in the universe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Deep Field is an image of the most distant objects in the universe, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope over a period of 10 days in 1995.

What is the significance of the Hubble Deep Field?

  1. It revealed the existence of galaxies that are much older than previously thought.

  2. It revealed the existence of galaxies that are much larger than previously thought.

  3. It revealed the existence of galaxies that are much smaller than previously thought.

  4. It revealed the existence of galaxies that are much closer than previously thought.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Deep Field revealed the existence of galaxies that are much older than previously thought, dating back to within a few hundred million years of the Big Bang.

What is the future of the Hubble Space Telescope?

  1. It will be replaced by the James Webb Space Telescope.

  2. It will be decommissioned and坠毁 into Earth's atmosphere.

  3. It will be upgraded with new instruments.

  4. It will be moved to a higher orbit.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Hubble Space Telescope is expected to be replaced by the James Webb Space Telescope, which is scheduled to launch in 2022.

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