Environmental injustice refers to the disproportionate environmental burdens faced by Indigenous communities, including exposure to pollution, lack of access to clean water and sanitation, and the loss of traditional lands and resources.

Indigenous communities often have a deep spiritual connection to the land, viewing it as a sacred and living entity. They engage in traditional practices such as animism, subsistence hunting, fishing, and gathering, and pass down oral histories and stories about the land from generation to generation.

The loss of traditional lands and resources can have devastating impacts on Indigenous communities, leading to the loss of cultural identity and heritage, economic hardship and poverty, and health problems and increased mortality due to the loss of traditional foods and medicines.

There are a number of legal and policy frameworks that have been developed to protect Indigenous rights to traditional lands and resources, including the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the International Labour Organization Convention 169, and the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989.

Indigenous communities face a number of challenges in asserting their rights to traditional lands and resources, including discrimination and racism, lack of legal recognition of Indigenous land rights, and economic and political marginalization.

Indigenous communities are using a variety of strategies to protect their traditional lands and resources, including land claims and legal challenges, community-based conservation and stewardship, and cultural revitalization and education.

International organizations and NGOs play a crucial role in supporting Indigenous communities in their efforts to protect their traditional lands and resources by providing financial and technical assistance, advocating for Indigenous rights at the international level, and raising awareness of Indigenous issues.

Indigenous communities face a number of key challenges in achieving environmental justice, including lack of recognition of Indigenous rights, discrimination and racism, and economic and political marginalization.

Non-Indigenous individuals and communities can support Indigenous efforts to achieve environmental justice by educating themselves about Indigenous issues, supporting Indigenous-led initiatives, and advocating for Indigenous rights.

There are a number of success stories of Indigenous communities in protecting their traditional lands and resources, including the Gwich'in people of Canada's Northwest Territories, the Maori people of New Zealand, and the Indigenous peoples of the Amazon rainforest.

Indigenous knowledge and traditional practices can contribute to environmental conservation and sustainability by providing valuable insights into sustainable land management practices, helping to protect biodiversity and ecosystems, and enabling Indigenous communities to play a key role in monitoring and protecting the environment.

Indigenous women play a crucial role in the struggle for environmental justice as leaders, knowledge holders, and advocates. They have unique knowledge and perspectives on environmental issues and are disproportionately affected by environmental injustice.

Indigenous communities and non-Indigenous allies can work together to achieve environmental justice by building relationships and trust, sharing knowledge and resources, and working together to advocate for policy changes.

Indigenous communities face a number of key challenges in achieving food sovereignty, including loss of traditional lands and resources, discrimination and racism, and economic and political marginalization.

Indigenous communities and non-Indigenous allies can work together to promote food sovereignty by supporting Indigenous-led food initiatives, advocating for policies that support Indigenous food sovereignty, and educating themselves about Indigenous food systems.