Isaac Newton is widely recognized as the father of modern physics for his groundbreaking work on classical mechanics, optics, and calculus.

Albert Einstein formulated the theory of relativity, revolutionizing our understanding of space, time, and gravity.

James Watson and Francis Crick are renowned for their discovery of the double helix structure of DNA, the genetic material of all living organisms.

Michael Faraday made significant advancements in the understanding of electricity and magnetism, including the discovery of electromagnetic induction.

Alexander Graham Bell is credited with inventing the telephone, enabling voice communication over long distances.

Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining the diversity of life on Earth.

Marie Curie is renowned for her pioneering research on radioactivity and the discovery of radium and polonium.

Thomas Edison is credited with inventing the practical incandescent light bulb, revolutionizing lighting technology.

James Watt is known for his improvements to the steam engine, making it more efficient and widely applicable.

Guglielmo Marconi is credited with developing the first practical radiotelegraph system, enabling wireless communication.

Dmitri Mendeleev is renowned for developing the periodic table of elements, organizing known elements based on their properties.

James Watson, along with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic material of all living organisms.

James Clerk Maxwell formulated the theory of electromagnetism, unifying electricity and magnetism into a single framework.

Alan Turing is renowned for his work on the Turing machine, a theoretical model of computation, and his contributions to artificial intelligence.

Albert Einstein developed the theory of general relativity, which describes the relationship between space, time, and gravity, and predicted the existence of gravitational waves.