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Mathematical Calculations Used in Indian Navigation

Description: This quiz aims to assess your understanding of the mathematical calculations used in Indian navigation. These calculations were crucial for determining the position of ships at sea and played a significant role in the success of Indian seafaring.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian mathematics indian navigation mathematical calculations
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In Indian navigation, the concept of 'drishti rekha' refers to:

  1. The line of sight from the observer to a celestial body

  2. The line of sight from the observer to the horizon

  3. The line of sight from the observer to the ship's destination

  4. The line of sight from the observer to the ship's starting point

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Drishti rekha is the line of sight from the observer to a celestial body, such as the sun, moon, or stars. This line is used to determine the direction and altitude of the celestial body.

The 'jya' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The jya function is defined as the half-chord of a circle, which is equivalent to the sine function in modern trigonometry.

The 'koti-jya' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The cosine function

  2. The sine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The koti-jya function is defined as the half-chord of the complement of an angle, which is equivalent to the cosine function in modern trigonometry.

The 'karna-jya' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The karna-jya function is defined as the half-chord of the double angle, which is equivalent to the tangent function in modern trigonometry.

The 'utkrama-jya' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The utkrama-jya function is defined as the half-chord of the supplement of an angle, which is equivalent to the secant function in modern trigonometry.

In Indian navigation, the 'drishti-kona' refers to:

  1. The angle between the line of sight and the horizon

  2. The angle between the line of sight and the ship's course

  3. The angle between the line of sight and the ship's destination

  4. The angle between the line of sight and the ship's starting point

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Drishti-kona is the angle between the line of sight from the observer to a celestial body and the horizon.

The 'karna' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The karna function is defined as the half-chord of an angle, which is equivalent to the sine function in modern trigonometry.

The 'koti-karna' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The cosine function

  2. The sine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The koti-karna function is defined as the half-chord of the complement of an angle, which is equivalent to the cosine function in modern trigonometry.

The 'karna-karna' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The karna-karna function is defined as the half-chord of the double angle, which is equivalent to the tangent function in modern trigonometry.

The 'utkrama-karna' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The sine function

  2. The cosine function

  3. The tangent function

  4. The secant function

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The utkrama-karna function is defined as the half-chord of the supplement of an angle, which is equivalent to the secant function in modern trigonometry.

In Indian navigation, the 'drishti-bheda' refers to:

  1. The difference in altitude between two celestial bodies

  2. The difference in azimuth between two celestial bodies

  3. The difference in declination between two celestial bodies

  4. The difference in right ascension between two celestial bodies

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Drishti-bheda is the difference in altitude between two celestial bodies, used to determine the latitude of a ship.

The 'karna-bheda' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The difference in sine between two angles

  2. The difference in cosine between two angles

  3. The difference in tangent between two angles

  4. The difference in secant between two angles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The karna-bheda function is defined as the difference in half-chords of two angles, which is equivalent to the difference in sine between two angles in modern trigonometry.

The 'koti-karna-bheda' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The difference in cosine between two angles

  2. The difference in sine between two angles

  3. The difference in tangent between two angles

  4. The difference in secant between two angles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The koti-karna-bheda function is defined as the difference in half-chords of the complements of two angles, which is equivalent to the difference in cosine between two angles in modern trigonometry.

The 'karna-karna-bheda' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The difference in sine between two angles

  2. The difference in cosine between two angles

  3. The difference in tangent between two angles

  4. The difference in secant between two angles

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The karna-karna-bheda function is defined as the difference in half-chords of the double angles, which is equivalent to the difference in tangent between two angles in modern trigonometry.

The 'utkrama-karna-bheda' function, used in Indian navigation, is equivalent to:

  1. The difference in sine between two angles

  2. The difference in cosine between two angles

  3. The difference in tangent between two angles

  4. The difference in secant between two angles

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The utkrama-karna-bheda function is defined as the difference in half-chords of the supplements of two angles, which is equivalent to the difference in secant between two angles in modern trigonometry.

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