Coal is the most abundant mineral resource in India, with reserves estimated at over 300 billion tonnes.

Odisha has the largest reserves of iron ore in India, with over 25% of the country's total reserves.

Opencast mining is the primary method used for coal extraction in India, as it is more efficient and cost-effective than underground mining.

The Aravalli Range is a major geological formation in India that is known for its rich mineral resources, including copper, zinc, lead, and silver.

Iron ore is the primary mineral used in the production of steel, as it contains a high concentration of iron.

Underground mining involves the extraction of minerals from underground deposits, typically through the use of tunnels and shafts.

Bauxite is the primary mineral used in the production of aluminum, as it contains a high concentration of aluminum oxide.

Hydraulic mining involves the use of water jets to extract minerals from riverbeds or underwater deposits.

Copper is the primary mineral used in the production of copper, as it contains a high concentration of copper.

Opencast mining involves the use of large machines to remove overburden and extract minerals from open pits.

Gold is the primary mineral used in the production of gold, as it contains a high concentration of gold.

Dredging involves the use of large buckets or scoops to extract minerals from underwater deposits.

Silver is the primary mineral used in the production of silver, as it contains a high concentration of silver.

Blasting involves the use of explosives to break up rock and extract minerals.

Zinc is the primary mineral used in the production of zinc, as it contains a high concentration of zinc.