Race is a social construct.

Racism is a product of individual prejudice.

Race is a biological reality.

Racism is solely a matter of personal beliefs.

Derrick Bell, Kimberlé Crenshaw, and Richard Delgado

W.E.B. Du Bois, Frederick Douglass, and Martin Luther King, Jr.

Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Vladimir Lenin

Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, and Talcott Parsons

The idea that multiple forms of oppression and discrimination can overlap and intersect.

The belief that all forms of oppression are equally harmful.

The notion that racism is the only form of oppression that exists.

The idea that oppression is solely a matter of individual experiences.

It argues that meritocracy is a myth and that success is often determined by factors beyond individual effort.

It posits that meritocracy is a fair and just system that rewards individuals based on their abilities.

It contends that meritocracy is a system that is inherently biased against certain groups of people.

It maintains that meritocracy is a system that can be reformed to eliminate bias and discrimination.

It is a method for documenting and analyzing the experiences of marginalized groups.

It is a way to promote a particular political agenda.

It is a form of entertainment that has no connection to social justice.

It is a tool for spreading misinformation and propaganda.

It provides a framework for understanding the root causes of social inequality.

It offers strategies for dismantling systems of oppression.

It promotes the idea that all forms of oppression are equally harmful.

It advocates for a single, universal solution to all social problems.

It is too focused on race and ignores other forms of oppression.

It is divisive and promotes conflict between different groups of people.

It is based on faulty research and lacks empirical evidence.

It is a threat to academic freedom and free speech.

It can be used to analyze legal systems, education, healthcare, and other social institutions.

It can only be applied to the study of race and racism.

It is not relevant to fields of study outside of sociology.

It is only applicable to the study of history.

It can help students understand the history of racism and its impact on society.

It can promote critical thinking and empathy.

It can help students develop a more just and equitable society.

All of the above.

By educating themselves about racism and its impact.

By challenging racist stereotypes and prejudices.

By supporting organizations that work to dismantle systemic racism.

All of the above.

It will continue to be a subject of debate and controversy.

It will become more widely accepted and integrated into mainstream academia.

It will fade into obscurity as new theories emerge.

It will be replaced by a new framework for understanding race and power.

It provides a framework for understanding the intersectionality of race, class, and gender in social justice struggles.

It offers a historical perspective on the roots of racial inequality.

It challenges dominant narratives about race and power.

All of the above.

It exposes the ways in which the law perpetuates and reinforces racial inequality.

It challenges the idea of neutrality and objectivity in the legal system.

It advocates for the use of affirmative action policies to address racial disparities.

All of the above.

They provide a means for marginalized communities to voice their experiences of racism and discrimination.

They challenge dominant narratives about race and power.

They help to build empathy and understanding across different racial groups.

All of the above.

It exposes the ways in which educational institutions perpetuate and reinforce racial inequality.

It challenges the idea of meritocracy and equal opportunity in education.

It advocates for culturally responsive teaching practices and curriculum reform.

All of the above.