Frontlighting involves placing the light source directly in front of the subject, resulting in a soft, even distribution of light that minimizes shadows.

Reflectors are used to bounce light back onto the subject, reducing harsh shadows and creating a more flattering lighting effect.

Aperture, measured in f-stops, controls the size of the opening in the lens, thereby regulating the amount of light that reaches the sensor.

A larger aperture (smaller f-number) results in a shallower depth of field, isolating the subject from the background, while a smaller aperture (larger f-number) produces a deeper depth of field, keeping both the subject and the background in focus.

A shutter speed of 1/1000 second or faster is recommended for capturing fast-moving subjects in event photography, as it freezes the action and prevents motion blur.

ISO is used to adjust the camera's sensitivity to light. A higher ISO value (e.g., ISO 1600, ISO 3200) increases the sensor's sensitivity, allowing you to shoot in low-light conditions without underexposing the image.

The Tungsten white balance setting is designed to correct the color temperature under artificial lighting sources, such as incandescent bulbs, to produce accurate and natural-looking colors.

A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of tones in an image. It helps photographers assess the exposure of the image and make adjustments to ensure proper brightness and contrast.

The rule of thirds is a compositional guideline that divides the frame into thirds, both horizontally and vertically. Placing the subject along these lines or at their intersections creates a more visually appealing and balanced composition.

Flash photography is often used to reduce harsh shadows on the subject's face, especially in situations where natural light is insufficient or uneven.

Backlighting involves placing the light source behind the subject, creating a dramatic effect by outlining the subject's edges and separating them from the background.

Diffusers are used to soften the light from a flash or other light source, reducing harsh shadows and creating a more flattering lighting effect.

Leading lines are compositional elements that draw the viewer's eye through the image, guiding their attention towards the main subject or point of interest.

Bounce cards are used to reflect light back onto the subject, reducing harsh shadows and creating a more flattering lighting effect.

Sidelighting involves placing the light source to the side of the subject, creating a dramatic effect by emphasizing the subject's texture and contours.