Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizams, was the largest princely state in India, covering an area of approximately 214,190 square kilometers.

Lord Canning, who served as Governor-General from 1858 to 1862, was the first to implement the policy of paramountcy, which established British supremacy over the princely states.

Hyderabad, renowned for its rich cultural heritage and architectural marvels, was often referred to as the 'Pearl of India'.

Baroda, under the rule of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, was the first princely state to introduce compulsory primary education in 1906.

Haider Ali was the ruler of Mysore during the time of Tipu Sultan, who was his son and successor.

Travancore, under the rule of Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, implemented progressive social reforms, including the abolition of untouchability in 1936.

Junagadh, ruled by Nawab Mahabat Khan III, was the last princely state to accede to the Indian Union in 1948, after a brief period of independence.

Baroda, under the rule of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, was known for its support of the Indian National Congress and its contributions to the freedom movement.

Mysore, under the rule of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV, established the University of Mysore in 1916, making it the first princely state to have a university.

Travancore, under the rule of Maharaja Swati Thirunal Rama Varma, was known for its patronage of art and culture, including classical music and dance.

Baroda, under the rule of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, introduced a system of representative government in 1907, making it the first princely state to do so.

Mysore, under the rule of Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV, was known for its contributions to science and technology, including the establishment of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore.

Travancore, under the rule of Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, introduced a system of land reforms in 1936, aimed at improving the conditions of tenant farmers.

Baroda, under the rule of Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, was known for its contributions to education, including the establishment of schools, colleges, and libraries.

Travancore, under the rule of Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, introduced a system of social security in 1936, providing benefits such as old age pensions and maternity leave.