Qawwali music is characterized by its intricate rhythmic patterns, emphasis on melodic improvisation, and the use of a call-and-response format.

Qawwali music is primarily used for religious devotion, particularly within the Sufi tradition of Islam.

The tabla, a pair of hand drums, is the most common instrument used to accompany Qawwali performances.

Qawwali performances typically consist of an introduction, verses, chorus, and conclusion, with call-and-response sections between the lead singer and chorus, as well as improvised solos by instrumentalists.

Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Abida Parveen, and Rahat Fateh Ali Khan are all renowned Qawwali singers.

The lead singer in a Qawwali performance is referred to as a Qawwal.

Qawwali music often explores themes of love and devotion to God, as well as spiritual and mystical experiences.

The term 'Theka' is used to refer to the rhythmic cycle in Qawwali music.

Ghazal is a common melodic form used in Qawwali music, consisting of a series of couplets with a refrain.

Alaap is the term used for the improvised section in a Qawwali performance where the lead singer explores different melodies and rhythms.

The harmonium is commonly used to provide drone accompaniment in Qawwali music.

Dhamaal is the term used for the concluding section of a Qawwali performance, often characterized by a fast tempo and energetic rhythm.

Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan & Party, Abida Parveen & Group, and Rahat Fateh Ali Khan & Brothers are all prominent Qawwali groups.

Mehfil is the term used for the gathering of Qawwali musicians and listeners.

Urdu, Punjabi, and Sindhi are all common languages used in Qawwali music.