Firoz Shah Tughluq established the first hospital in Delhi, known as the Darul Shifa, which provided free medical care to the public.

Ghiyasuddin Balban constructed an astronomical observatory primarily to determine the precise time for religious observances, such as prayer times and fasting periods.

Firoz Shah Tughluq implemented extensive water management systems, including the construction of canals and reservoirs, to improve irrigation and agriculture.

The Delhi Sultans encouraged the translation of scientific and literary works from other languages primarily to acquire knowledge and expertise from other civilizations, thereby enriching their own cultural and intellectual landscape.

Alauddin Khalji established the Diwan-i-Insha, a department dedicated to handling official correspondence, record-keeping, and maintaining administrative documents.

Educational institutions during the Delhi Sultanate period offered a comprehensive curriculum that included religious studies, Islamic jurisprudence, science, mathematics, astronomy, literature, poetry, and philosophy.

Firoz Shah Tughluq commissioned the construction of the Hauz Khas complex, which comprised a madrasa, a mosque, and a reservoir, as part of his efforts to promote education and public welfare.

The Qutub Minar primarily served as a minaret, a tall tower from which the muezzin would call the faithful to prayer five times a day.

Alauddin Khalji created the Diwan-i-Riyasat, a department dedicated to overseeing financial affairs, revenue collection, and the treasury.

The Diwan-i-Arz was primarily responsible for managing military affairs, including recruitment, mobilization, and the deployment of troops.

Alauddin Khalji implemented the practice of branding horses and keeping a detailed register of horses to ensure efficient management of the cavalry and prevent theft.

The Diwan-i-Qaza was responsible for administering justice, resolving disputes, and enforcing the law within the Delhi Sultanate.

Alauddin Khalji established the Diwan-i-Insha, a department responsible for handling official correspondence, record-keeping, and maintaining administrative documents.

The Diwan-i-Kharaj was responsible for managing financial affairs, including revenue collection, taxation, and the treasury.

Alauddin Khalji implemented the practice of branding horses and keeping a detailed register of horses to ensure efficient management of the cavalry and prevent theft.