Self and Cosmology in Indian Philosophy

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Number of Questions: 15
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Which of the following is not a central concept in Indian Philosophy?

  1. Atman

  2. Brahman

  3. Maya

  4. Karma


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Karma is a concept in Indian philosophy that refers to the sum of a person's actions and their consequences, while Atman, Brahman, and Maya are central concepts in Indian philosophy.

What is the ultimate goal of life according to the Upanishads?

  1. Moksha

  2. Nirvana

  3. Samadhi

  4. Mukti


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Moksha is the ultimate goal of life according to the Upanishads, which refers to liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth.

Which Upanishad is considered to be the most important and influential?

  1. Brihadaranyaka Upanishad

  2. Chandogya Upanishad

  3. Isa Upanishad

  4. Kena Upanishad


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad is considered to be the most important and influential Upanishad, as it contains some of the most profound and insightful teachings on the nature of reality, the self, and the universe.

What is the central teaching of the Advaita Vedanta school of thought?

  1. The world is an illusion.

  2. The self is Brahman.

  3. There is no difference between the self and the world.

  4. The goal of life is to achieve moksha.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The central teaching of the Advaita Vedanta school of thought is that the self is Brahman, which means that the individual self is identical with the universal Self or ultimate reality.

Which philosopher is considered to be the founder of the Dvaita Vedanta school of thought?

  1. Adi Shankara

  2. Ramanuja

  3. Madhvacharya

  4. Nimbarka


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Madhvacharya is considered to be the founder of the Dvaita Vedanta school of thought, which posits that the individual self is distinct from Brahman and that the world is real.

What is the concept of Maya in Indian philosophy?

  1. The ultimate reality.

  2. The individual self.

  3. The world of appearances.

  4. The cycle of birth and rebirth.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Maya is the concept in Indian philosophy that refers to the world of appearances, which is considered to be an illusion or a veil that obscures the true nature of reality.

Which of the following is not a type of yoga mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita?

  1. Bhakti Yoga

  2. Karma Yoga

  3. Jnana Yoga

  4. Raja Yoga


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Raja Yoga is not mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita as a type of yoga. The three types of yoga mentioned in the Bhagavad Gita are Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga, and Jnana Yoga.

What is the concept of Purusha in Samkhya philosophy?

  1. The ultimate reality.

  2. The individual self.

  3. The world of appearances.

  4. The cycle of birth and rebirth.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Purusha in Samkhya philosophy refers to the individual self, which is considered to be pure consciousness and distinct from the material world.

Which of the following is not a concept in Nyaya philosophy?

  1. Pramana

  2. Anumana

  3. Upamana

  4. Sabda


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Upamana is not a concept in Nyaya philosophy. The four pramanas or sources of knowledge in Nyaya philosophy are Pramana, Anumana, Sabda, and Arthapatti.

What is the concept of Moksha in Jain philosophy?

  1. The ultimate reality.

  2. The individual self.

  3. The world of appearances.

  4. Liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moksha in Jain philosophy refers to liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth, which is achieved through the practice of non-violence, self-control, and meditation.

Which of the following is not a concept in Buddhist philosophy?

  1. Dukkha

  2. Anatta

  3. Nirvana

  4. Karma


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Karma is not a concept in Buddhist philosophy. The three main concepts in Buddhist philosophy are Dukkha, Anatta, and Nirvana.

What is the concept of Sunyata in Buddhist philosophy?

  1. The ultimate reality.

  2. The individual self.

  3. The world of appearances.

  4. Emptiness


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sunyata in Buddhist philosophy refers to emptiness, which means that all things are empty of inherent existence or self-nature.

Which of the following is not a type of pramana in Mimamsa philosophy?

  1. Pratyaksha

  2. Anumana

  3. Upamana

  4. Sabda


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Upamana is not a type of pramana in Mimamsa philosophy. The three pramanas or sources of knowledge in Mimamsa philosophy are Pratyaksha, Anumana, and Sabda.

What is the concept of Brahman in Vedanta philosophy?

  1. The ultimate reality.

  2. The individual self.

  3. The world of appearances.

  4. The cycle of birth and rebirth.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Brahman in Vedanta philosophy refers to the ultimate reality, which is considered to be the source and ground of all existence.

Which of the following is not a concept in Sikh philosophy?

  1. Naam

  2. Guru

  3. Dharma

  4. Karma


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Karma is not a concept in Sikh philosophy. The three main concepts in Sikh philosophy are Naam, Guru, and Dharma.

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