TEK is based on the accumulated knowledge and experiences of local communities over generations, passed down through oral traditions and cultural practices. It does not involve formal scientific research and data analysis.

Sacred groves are areas of forest or natural vegetation that are considered sacred and protected by local communities, often due to religious or cultural beliefs. The concept of sacred groves is particularly prevalent in Hinduism, where certain trees and forests are considered sacred and protected.

Shifting cultivation is a traditional agricultural practice where farmers clear a small area of forest, cultivate it for a few years, and then move on to a new area, allowing the previous area to regenerate. This practice helps maintain soil fertility and prevent soil erosion, promoting sustainable land management.

'Ubuntu' is a Bantu term that embodies the idea of interconnectedness and interdependence among all living things. It emphasizes the importance of community, cooperation, and respect for the natural world.

Indigenous communities often have strong cultural values that emphasize harmony with nature and sustainable living. These values can be a valuable asset in promoting environmental education and awareness, rather than a challenge.

The concept of 'wilderness' as a pristine, untouched natural area separate from human influence is a product of Western culture. It is not a universal cultural construct and may not be meaningful in other cultural contexts.

The burning of fossil fuels for energy releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change and environmental degradation. It is a cultural practice that has become widespread in modern societies.

Ecofeminism is a theoretical and political approach that explores the connections between environmental degradation and gender inequality. It emphasizes the importance of women's leadership in environmental decision-making and the need for equal representation of women in environmental organizations.

TEK is valuable for understanding local ecosystems and promoting cultural pride and identity. However, it is not a substitute for scientific research and data analysis in providing a scientific basis for environmental decision-making.

Biocultural diversity encompasses the variety of life forms on Earth, the cultural diversity among human societies, and the interconnectedness between biological and cultural diversity.

Effective environmental education should focus on fostering a sense of collective responsibility and promoting systemic changes, rather than placing the sole responsibility on individuals.

Sustainable development encompasses the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection, the importance of social equity and justice, and the recognition of the limits of natural resources.

Culture does not directly determine the availability of environmental resources, although it can influence how resources are used and managed.

Environmental justice encompasses the disproportionate environmental impacts on marginalized communities, the need for equal access to environmental resources, and the importance of community participation in environmental decision-making.

Promoting environmental education and awareness in indigenous communities should respect and incorporate their cultural values and practices, rather than imposing Western environmental values and practices.