Immanuel Wallerstein is widely recognized as the founder of the World-Systems Theory, which he developed in his seminal work 'The Modern World-System'.

The World-Systems Theory divides the global economy into three main zones: Core, Periphery, and Semi-Periphery. The term 'Center' is not used in this context.

The Core zone in the World-Systems Theory is characterized by advanced industrialization, high levels of capital accumulation, and political and economic dominance.

The Periphery zone in the World-Systems Theory is typically associated with low levels of industrialization, export of raw materials, and economic dependence on the Core.

The Semi-Periphery zone in the World-Systems Theory is characterized by industrialization more advanced than in the Periphery and economic dependence on the Core, but it does not typically exploit the Periphery.

The World-Systems Theory views the global economy as driven by a process of continuous expansion and accumulation, which is characteristic of capitalism.

Unequal Exchange is a concept in the World-Systems Theory that refers to the process by which the Core zone exploits and extracts resources from the Periphery zone through unequal terms of trade.

The World-Systems Theory emphasizes the role of geography in shaping global economic and political relations, arguing that the spatial distribution of resources and the control of key trade routes have a significant impact on power dynamics.

The Age of Exploration, which began in the 15th century, is often seen as a turning point in the development of the modern world-system, as it led to the expansion of European influence and the establishment of global trade networks.

The World-Systems Theory has been criticized for its emphasis on economic factors and its neglect of political, cultural, and social factors in shaping global relations.

The World-Systems Theory is often used to analyze contemporary issues such as global inequality, climate change, and migration, examining their roots in the historical development of the global economy.

The World-Systems Theory has influenced the development of other sociological theories such as Dependency Theory, Modernization Theory, and World-Culture Theory.

Hegemony is a concept in the World-Systems Theory that refers to the process by which the Core zone maintains its dominance over the Periphery zone through political, economic, and cultural means.

The World-Systems Theory argues that the global economy is characterized by a cyclical pattern of expansion and contraction known as the Kondratieff Cycle, which spans approximately 50-60 years.

Globalization is a concept in the World-Systems Theory that refers to the process by which the global economy becomes increasingly interconnected and interdependent.