Coal is the primary source of energy in India, accounting for over 50% of the country's total energy production.

The burning of coal releases harmful pollutants into the air, including particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, which contribute to air pollution and respiratory problems.

Solar energy has experienced the most rapid growth in India in recent years, driven by government policies and incentives, as well as declining costs of solar panels.

The primary goal of India's National Solar Mission is to install 100 GW of solar capacity by 2022, as part of the country's efforts to increase its renewable energy generation.

The intermittency of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, poses a challenge to India's efforts to transition to renewable energy, as it can lead to fluctuations in electricity supply.

The main objective of India's Perform, Achieve, and Trade (PAT) scheme is to promote energy efficiency in industries by setting energy consumption targets and allowing industries to trade energy-saving certificates.

Energy-efficient buildings are a key component of India's Smart Cities Mission, which aims to promote sustainable urban development and reduce energy consumption in cities.

India has set a target of 400 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030, as part of its commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable energy development.

Inadequate enforcement of environmental regulations is a key challenge facing India's efforts to reduce air pollution, as it allows industries and individuals to violate emission standards without facing consequences.

The main objective of India's National Mission for a Green India is to increase forest cover and improve the quality of forest ecosystems, as part of the country's efforts to combat climate change and conserve biodiversity.

Water conservation measures are a key component of India's National Water Mission, which aims to address the country's water scarcity challenges and ensure sustainable water management.

The main objective of India's National Mission on Sustainable Habitat is to create sustainable cities and towns by promoting energy efficiency, reducing waste generation, and improving urban air quality.

Dependence on imported energy is a key challenge facing India's efforts to achieve energy security, as it makes the country vulnerable to fluctuations in global energy prices and supply disruptions.

The main objective of India's National Mission on Electric Mobility is to promote the adoption of electric vehicles and develop electric vehicle charging infrastructure, as part of the country's efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation and create a sustainable transportation system.