Quantum tunneling is the phenomenon where a particle can pass through a potential barrier even if it does not have enough energy to overcome it. This is due to the wave-like nature of particles, which allows them to spread out and penetrate the barrier.

Quantum tunneling is a phenomenon that can be exhibited by all particles, regardless of their mass or charge. However, it is more pronounced for lighter particles, such as electrons.

The probability of a particle tunneling through a potential barrier is between 0 and 1. The closer the particle's energy is to the barrier's height, the lower the probability of tunneling.

The probability of quantum tunneling is affected by the particle's energy, the height of the potential barrier, and the width of the potential barrier.

Quantum tunneling has practical applications in various technologies, including Scanning Tunneling Microscopes (STMs), Tunnel Diodes, and Flash Memory.

In a double-barrier tunnel junction, the region between the two barriers is called the quantum well.

The energy difference between the two energy levels involved in quantum tunneling is called the tunneling energy.

The phenomenon where a particle can tunnel through a potential barrier even if it has more energy than the barrier's height is called Zener tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external electric field is Fowler-Nordheim Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external magnetic field is Magnetic Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external pressure is Pressure-Induced Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external temperature is Thermal Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external chemical environment is Chemical Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external radiation is Radiative Tunneling.

The name of the effect where the tunneling probability of a particle is enhanced by the presence of an external mechanical force is Mechanical Tunneling.