The primary objective of the EIA review process is to ensure that environmental impacts are adequately assessed and considered in decision-making. This involves evaluating the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project, identifying measures to mitigate these impacts, and ensuring that these measures are implemented.

The EIA review process typically involves the project proponent, the environmental regulatory agency, and an independent panel of experts. The project proponent is responsible for preparing the EIA report, while the environmental regulatory agency is responsible for reviewing the report and making a decision on the project. The independent panel of experts provides technical advice and support to the environmental regulatory agency.

The key criteria used for decision-making in the EIA process include the significance of the environmental impacts, the feasibility of mitigation measures, and the public interest. The decision-maker must consider all of these factors in order to make a balanced and informed decision.

The EIA review process is often challenged by a lack of data and information, uncertainty and complexity of environmental impacts, and conflicting interests of stakeholders. These challenges can make it difficult to conduct a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the environmental impacts of a proposed project.

The EIA review process provides an opportunity for improved environmental decision-making, enhanced public participation, and the promotion of sustainable development. By considering the environmental impacts of a proposed project, decision-makers can make more informed decisions that are less likely to have negative environmental consequences. Public participation in the EIA process allows stakeholders to express their concerns and influence the decision-making process. The EIA process can also promote sustainable development by encouraging the use of environmentally friendly technologies and practices.