History of Quantitative Psychology

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your knowledge of the history of quantitative psychology, including its origins, key figures, and major developments.
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: quantitative psychology history of psychology psychometrics statistics in psychology
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Who is considered the father of quantitative psychology?

  1. Francis Galton

  2. Wilhelm Wundt

  3. Hermann Ebbinghaus

  4. Charles Spearman


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Francis Galton is widely regarded as the father of quantitative psychology due to his pioneering work in applying statistical methods to psychological data, particularly in the areas of intelligence, heredity, and psychometrics.

Which of the following is NOT a major area of research in quantitative psychology?

  1. Psychometrics

  2. Experimental Design

  3. Multivariate Analysis

  4. Animal Behavior


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Animal behavior is not typically considered a major area of research in quantitative psychology, which primarily focuses on the application of statistical and mathematical methods to human psychological data.

What is the name of the statistical method developed by Charles Spearman to measure the general intelligence factor?

  1. Factor Analysis

  2. Regression Analysis

  3. Correlation Analysis

  4. Discriminant Analysis


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Charles Spearman developed factor analysis, a statistical method that identifies the underlying factors or dimensions that explain the correlations among a set of variables. He used this method to identify the general intelligence factor, also known as g.

Which of the following is NOT a type of psychometric test?

  1. Intelligence Test

  2. Personality Test

  3. Attitude Test

  4. Neurological Test


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Neurological tests are not typically considered psychometric tests, as they are designed to assess neurological functioning rather than psychological traits or abilities.

Who developed the concept of the standard deviation?

  1. Karl Pearson

  2. Ronald Fisher

  3. Charles Darwin

  4. Adolphe Quetelet


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Karl Pearson developed the concept of the standard deviation as a measure of variability in a dataset. It is a widely used statistical measure to quantify the spread of data points around the mean.

What is the name of the statistical technique used to test the significance of differences between two groups?

  1. t-test

  2. ANOVA

  3. Chi-square test

  4. F-test


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The t-test is a statistical technique used to test the significance of differences between the means of two independent groups. It is commonly used in quantitative psychology to compare the effectiveness of different treatments or interventions.

Which of the following is NOT a type of multivariate analysis technique?

  1. Factor Analysis

  2. Cluster Analysis

  3. Discriminant Analysis

  4. Regression Analysis


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Regression analysis is not typically considered a multivariate analysis technique, as it involves the analysis of the relationship between a single dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

Who developed the theory of signal detection?

  1. David Green

  2. John Swets

  3. Hermann von Helmholtz

  4. Gustav Theodor Fechner


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

David Green, along with John Swets, developed the theory of signal detection, which provides a mathematical framework for understanding how individuals make decisions in the presence of noise or uncertainty.

What is the name of the statistical method used to estimate the reliability of a test?

  1. Cronbach's Alpha

  2. Spearman-Brown Coefficient

  3. Kuder-Richardson Formula

  4. Guttman Split-Half Coefficient


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cronbach's Alpha is a statistical method used to estimate the reliability of a test by measuring the internal consistency of the items. It is widely used in quantitative psychology to assess the reliability of psychological tests and scales.

Which of the following is NOT a type of experimental design?

  1. Between-Subjects Design

  2. Within-Subjects Design

  3. Factorial Design

  4. Observational Study


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Observational studies are not typically considered experimental designs, as they involve observing and recording data without manipulating the independent variable.

Who developed the concept of the normal distribution?

  1. Abraham de Moivre

  2. Pierre-Simon Laplace

  3. Carl Friedrich Gauss

  4. Thomas Bayes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Abraham de Moivre first described the normal distribution in his book 'The Doctrine of Chances' in 1733. Later, Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre-Simon Laplace made significant contributions to the understanding and application of the normal distribution.

What is the name of the statistical method used to estimate the correlation between two variables?

  1. Pearson Correlation Coefficient

  2. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient

  3. Kendall's Tau Correlation Coefficient

  4. Point-Biserial Correlation Coefficient


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Pearson correlation coefficient, also known as the product-moment correlation coefficient, is a statistical method used to estimate the linear correlation between two variables. It measures the extent to which two variables are linearly related.

Which of the following is NOT a type of non-parametric statistical test?

  1. Chi-square test

  2. Mann-Whitney U test

  3. Kruskal-Wallis test

  4. t-test


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The t-test is a parametric statistical test, meaning it assumes that the data follows a normal distribution. Non-parametric tests, on the other hand, do not make assumptions about the distribution of the data.

Who developed the concept of the intelligence quotient (IQ)?

  1. Alfred Binet

  2. Theodore Simon

  3. Lewis Terman

  4. David Wechsler


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Alfred Binet, along with Theodore Simon, developed the first intelligence test, the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale, in 1905. Lewis Terman later revised and adapted this test for use in the United States, and David Wechsler developed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, which is widely used today.

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