Operant conditioning is a method of learning that involves changing an animal's behavior by reinforcing or punishing specific actions.

Positive reinforcement is a stimulus that follows a desired behavior and increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.

Giving a dog a treat after it sits is an example of positive reinforcement because it increases the likelihood of the dog sitting again in the future.

Extinction is the process of gradually reducing the frequency of a behavior by withholding reinforcement.

Ignoring a dog when it barks is an example of extinction because it gradually reduces the frequency of the barking behavior.

Classical conditioning is the process of associating a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus so that the neutral stimulus eventually elicits the same response as the meaningful stimulus.

In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus is the neutral stimulus that is paired with the meaningful stimulus.

A dog salivating at the sound of a bell is an example of classical conditioning because the sound of the bell (conditioned stimulus) has been paired with the presentation of food (unconditioned stimulus), causing the dog to salivate (conditioned response) in anticipation of food.

Operant conditioning is the process of using positive or negative reinforcement to shape an animal's behavior.

Giving a dog a treat when it sits is an example of positive reinforcement because it increases the likelihood of the dog sitting again in the future.

Extinction is the process of gradually reducing the frequency of a behavior by withholding reinforcement.

Ignoring a dog when it barks is an example of extinction because it gradually reduces the frequency of the barking behavior.

Classical conditioning is the process of associating a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus so that the neutral stimulus eventually elicits the same response as the meaningful stimulus.

In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus is the neutral stimulus that is paired with the meaningful stimulus.

A dog salivating at the sound of a bell is an example of classical conditioning because the sound of the bell (conditioned stimulus) has been paired with the presentation of food (unconditioned stimulus), causing the dog to salivate (conditioned response) in anticipation of food.