The Sulba Sutras, part of the Vedic literature, are the earliest known Indian mathematical texts to contain geometric constructions, including the construction of regular polygons.

Tessellation is the arrangement of geometric shapes in a repeating pattern, such as the tiling of a floor with tiles.

Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the Fibonacci sequence, a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two preceding ones.

The mathematical curve defined by the equation (r = a(1 + \cos \theta)) is called a cardioid, which has a heart-shaped shape.

Aryabhata, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is known for his contributions to trigonometry, including the development of the sine and cosine functions.

Geometry is the mathematical concept that refers to the study of geometric shapes and their properties, such as their size, shape, and position.

Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the zero as a number, which revolutionized mathematics.

Statistics is the mathematical concept that refers to the study of patterns and relationships in data, including the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data.

Bhaskara II, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is known for his contributions to algebra, including the development of the quadratic formula.

Calculus is the mathematical concept that refers to the study of change and motion, including the concepts of limits, derivatives, and integrals.

Aryabhata, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the decimal system, which revolutionized mathematics.

Number Theory is the mathematical concept that refers to the study of the properties of numbers, including their divisibility, primality, and factorization.

Aryabhata, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is known for his contributions to astronomy, including the development of the heliocentric model of the solar system.

Topology is the mathematical concept that refers to the study of the structure of mathematical objects, including their connectedness, compactness, and continuity.

Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the negative numbers, which expanded the scope of mathematics.