Caste-based discrimination in employment in India is a complex issue influenced by multiple factors, including lack of education, poverty, and deep-rooted social prejudices.

Shudras, the lowest caste group in the traditional Hindu caste system, have historically faced the most severe discrimination in terms of employment opportunities.

Caste-based occupational segregation refers to the practice of assigning specific occupations to different caste groups based on their traditional roles.

Article 16 of the Indian Constitution prohibits discrimination in employment on the grounds of caste, among other factors.

Caste-based job reservation is the Indian government policy that reserves a certain percentage of jobs in public sector undertakings for members of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

Implementing caste-based job reservation policies effectively faces multiple challenges, including lack of political will, inadequate representation of marginalized castes in higher education, and discrimination against reserved category candidates during the selection process.

Cultural appropriation refers to the phenomenon of upper-caste individuals appropriating the cultural practices and traditions of marginalized castes for their own benefit.

An upper-caste actor portraying a Dalit character in a film is an example of cultural appropriation, as it involves an individual from a privileged caste assuming the identity and experiences of a marginalized caste for their own benefit.

Cultural resistance refers to the process by which marginalized castes challenge and resist the dominant caste's cultural hegemony.

All of the options provided are examples of cultural resistance in the context of caste and employment, as they involve marginalized castes using their creative expressions to challenge dominant caste narratives and assert their own identities.

Social transformation refers to the process by which marginalized castes seek to transform the existing social and economic structures to achieve equality and justice.

All of the options provided are examples of social transformation in the context of caste and employment, as they involve marginalized castes taking collective action to challenge existing power structures and create a more just and equitable society.

Identity politics refers to the process by which marginalized castes assert their rights and demand recognition and respect from the dominant caste.

All of the options provided are examples of identity politics in the context of caste and employment, as they involve marginalized castes mobilizing around their shared identity to demand their rights and challenge discrimination.

Caste annihilation refers to the process by which marginalized castes seek to create a more just and equitable society by addressing the root causes of caste-based discrimination.