The plaintiff is the party who brings a lawsuit against another party, known as the defendant.

Voir dire is the process of questioning potential jurors to determine their qualifications and suitability for serving on a jury.

The judge's primary role is to ensure that the trial proceeds fairly and in accordance with the law.

Testimony is the oral evidence given by witnesses under oath during a trial.

Cross-examination is the process by which the opposing party questions a witness to challenge their testimony and credibility.

In a criminal trial, the prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, which is the highest standard of proof in law.

Closing arguments are the final statements made by the parties to summarize their case and persuade the jury to reach a verdict in their favor.

The verdict is the decision reached by the jury or judge at the end of a trial, determining the guilt or innocence of the defendant in a criminal case or the liability of the parties in a civil case.

A bench trial is a trial in which the parties present their case to a judge without a jury.

A unanimous verdict is a verdict in which all jurors agree on the outcome of the trial.

Mediation is a process in which the parties attempt to reach a settlement before the trial begins, with the assistance of a neutral third party.

A motion to dismiss is a request made by a party to the court to dismiss a case before trial due to insufficient evidence or legal grounds.

A bench trial is a trial in which the verdict is determined by a judge rather than a jury.

Voir dire is the process of selecting a jury for a trial.

In a criminal trial, the burden of proof lies with the prosecutor, who must prove the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.