A fault is a fracture in the Earth's crust along which rocks have moved. Folds, on the other hand, are bends in rock layers.

A basin is a large, spoon-shaped fold that is typically surrounded by mountains.

A thrust fault is a type of reverse fault in which the hanging wall has moved up and over the footwall.

A fault-line scarp is a landform that is formed when a fault scarp is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

Joints are fractures in rocks that do not involve any movement. Columnar joints, spherical joints, and plane joints are all types of joints, but curved joints are not.

A joint valley is a landform that is formed when a joint is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

Cleavage is a type of foliation that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals in a rock. Slate cleavage, schistosity, and gneissosity are all types of cleavage, but foliation is a general term that refers to any type of foliation.

A cleavage valley is a landform that is formed when a cleavage plane is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

Foliation is a type of rock fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals. Banding, lamination, and gneissosity are all types of foliation, but lineation is a type of linear fabric that is characterized by the parallel alignment of minerals or mineral grains.

A foliation valley is a landform that is formed when a foliation plane is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

Rock fabric is a term that refers to the overall arrangement of minerals and mineral grains in a rock. Foliation, lineation, and gneissosity are all types of rock fabric, but schistosity is a type of foliation.

A rock fabric valley is a landform that is formed when a rock fabric plane is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

A plain is a landform that is characterized by a flat or gently sloping surface. Plains can be formed by the erosion of geological structures, but they can also be formed by the deposition of sediments.

A dome mountain is a landform that is formed when a dome is eroded by wind, water, or ice.

A basin pillar is a landform that is formed when a basin is eroded by wind, water, or ice. However, basin mountains, basin valleys, and basin blocks are all landforms that can be formed by the erosion of a basin.