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Extinction and Spontaneous Recovery

Description: This quiz assesses your understanding of extinction and spontaneous recovery in psychology.
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: extinction spontaneous recovery behaviorism
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What is extinction in the context of operant conditioning?

  1. The gradual decrease in the frequency of a conditioned response due to the absence of reinforcement.

  2. The sudden and complete disappearance of a conditioned response.

  3. The transfer of a conditioned response from one stimulus to another.

  4. The increase in the frequency of a conditioned response due to repeated reinforcement.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Extinction is the process by which a conditioned response gradually decreases in frequency and eventually disappears due to the absence of reinforcement.

What is spontaneous recovery?

  1. The reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of extinction.

  2. The sudden and complete disappearance of a conditioned response.

  3. The transfer of a conditioned response from one stimulus to another.

  4. The increase in the frequency of a conditioned response due to repeated reinforcement.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Spontaneous recovery is the phenomenon in which a conditioned response that has been extinguished reappears after a period of time without further reinforcement.

Which factor is most likely to contribute to spontaneous recovery?

  1. The passage of time.

  2. The presentation of a similar stimulus.

  3. The presence of environmental cues associated with the conditioned response.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above factors can contribute to spontaneous recovery. The passage of time can allow the conditioned response to gradually return, the presentation of a similar stimulus can trigger the conditioned response, and the presence of environmental cues associated with the conditioned response can also lead to its reappearance.

What is the difference between extinction and spontaneous recovery?

  1. Extinction is the gradual decrease in the frequency of a conditioned response due to the absence of reinforcement, while spontaneous recovery is the sudden and complete disappearance of a conditioned response.

  2. Extinction is the gradual decrease in the frequency of a conditioned response due to the absence of reinforcement, while spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of extinction.

  3. Extinction is the sudden and complete disappearance of a conditioned response, while spontaneous recovery is the gradual decrease in the frequency of a conditioned response due to the absence of reinforcement.

  4. Extinction is the sudden and complete disappearance of a conditioned response, while spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of reinforcement.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Extinction is the process by which a conditioned response gradually decreases in frequency and eventually disappears due to the absence of reinforcement, while spontaneous recovery is the phenomenon in which a conditioned response that has been extinguished reappears after a period of time without further reinforcement.

How can spontaneous recovery be prevented?

  1. By providing intermittent reinforcement during extinction.

  2. By presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus during extinction.

  3. By changing the environmental context in which extinction occurs.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above strategies can be used to prevent spontaneous recovery. Providing intermittent reinforcement during extinction can help to weaken the association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. Presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus during extinction can also help to weaken the association. Changing the environmental context in which extinction occurs can also help to prevent spontaneous recovery by reducing the number of cues that are associated with the conditioned response.

What is the significance of extinction and spontaneous recovery in understanding behavior?

  1. They provide evidence for the role of reinforcement in learning.

  2. They demonstrate the importance of environmental cues in behavior.

  3. They suggest that behavior can change over time without new learning.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above statements are true. Extinction and spontaneous recovery provide evidence for the role of reinforcement in learning, as they show that the frequency of a conditioned response decreases when reinforcement is withheld and increases when reinforcement is provided. They also demonstrate the importance of environmental cues in behavior, as they show that the presence of environmental cues associated with the conditioned response can trigger its reappearance. Finally, they suggest that behavior can change over time without new learning, as they show that a conditioned response can reappear after a period of extinction without further reinforcement.

In the context of extinction, what is the difference between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus?

  1. A conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to elicit a conditioned response.

  2. An unconditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus that, after being paired with a conditioned stimulus, comes to elicit a conditioned response.

  3. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that elicits a conditioned response.

  4. An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A conditioned stimulus is a neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to elicit a conditioned response. An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response.

What is the difference between a conditioned response and an unconditioned response?

  1. A conditioned response is a response that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus.

  2. An unconditioned response is a response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus.

  3. A conditioned response is a response that is learned.

  4. An unconditioned response is a response that is innate.


Correct Option:
Explanation:

All of the above statements are true. A conditioned response is a response that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus, while an unconditioned response is a response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus. A conditioned response is a response that is learned, while an unconditioned response is a response that is innate.

What is the role of reinforcement in extinction?

  1. Reinforcement strengthens the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response.

  2. Reinforcement weakens the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response.

  3. Reinforcement has no effect on the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response.

  4. Reinforcement is not involved in extinction.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Reinforcement strengthens the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. Extinction is the process by which the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response is weakened.

What is the role of environmental cues in spontaneous recovery?

  1. Environmental cues can trigger the conditioned response.

  2. Environmental cues can prevent the conditioned response.

  3. Environmental cues have no effect on the conditioned response.

  4. Environmental cues are not involved in spontaneous recovery.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Environmental cues can trigger the conditioned response. Spontaneous recovery is the phenomenon in which a conditioned response that has been extinguished reappears after a period of time without further reinforcement. Environmental cues associated with the conditioned response can trigger its reappearance.

How can extinction and spontaneous recovery be used to modify behavior?

  1. Extinction can be used to decrease the frequency of an unwanted behavior.

  2. Spontaneous recovery can be used to increase the frequency of a desired behavior.

  3. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can be used together to change the frequency of a behavior.

  4. Extinction and spontaneous recovery cannot be used to modify behavior.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Extinction can be used to decrease the frequency of an unwanted behavior. Spontaneous recovery can be used to increase the frequency of a desired behavior. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can be used together to change the frequency of a behavior by first extinguishing the unwanted behavior and then using spontaneous recovery to increase the frequency of the desired behavior.

What are some examples of extinction and spontaneous recovery in everyday life?

  1. A child who is afraid of dogs may stop being afraid after repeated exposure to friendly dogs.

  2. A person who quits smoking may experience cravings for cigarettes after a period of time.

  3. A person who has lost weight may regain weight after going back to their old eating habits.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above examples are examples of extinction and spontaneous recovery in everyday life. In the first example, the child's fear of dogs is extinguished through repeated exposure to friendly dogs. In the second example, the person's cravings for cigarettes are a form of spontaneous recovery. In the third example, the person's weight gain is a form of spontaneous recovery.

What are some of the limitations of extinction and spontaneous recovery as techniques for modifying behavior?

  1. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can only be used to change simple behaviors.

  2. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can only be used to change behaviors that are learned through classical conditioning.

  3. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can only be used to change behaviors that are learned through operant conditioning.

  4. Extinction and spontaneous recovery cannot be used to change behaviors that are learned through any type of conditioning.


Correct Option:
Explanation:

None of the above statements are true. Extinction and spontaneous recovery can be used to change both simple and complex behaviors. They can be used to change behaviors that are learned through both classical and operant conditioning. They can also be used to change behaviors that are learned through other types of conditioning.

What are some of the ethical considerations that need to be taken into account when using extinction and spontaneous recovery to modify behavior?

  1. Extinction and spontaneous recovery should only be used with the consent of the person whose behavior is being changed.

  2. Extinction and spontaneous recovery should only be used to change behaviors that are causing harm to the person or others.

  3. Extinction and spontaneous recovery should only be used by trained professionals.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above ethical considerations need to be taken into account when using extinction and spontaneous recovery to modify behavior. Extinction and spontaneous recovery should only be used with the consent of the person whose behavior is being changed. They should only be used to change behaviors that are causing harm to the person or others. They should only be used by trained professionals.

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