Government policies are not a direct factor affecting agricultural patterns, although they can influence agricultural practices and land use.

The Sahara Desert is not a major agricultural region due to its arid climate and lack of water resources.

Intensive agriculture is characterized by high inputs of labor and capital, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and machinery, to increase yields per unit area.

Pastoralism is a type of extensive agriculture where livestock are grazed on natural pastures, requiring large areas of land and low inputs of labor and capital.

Agriculture can have positive impacts on the environment, such as increased biodiversity through crop rotation and agroforestry, reduced soil erosion through terracing and contour plowing, and improved water quality through the use of cover crops and buffer strips.

Agriculture can have negative impacts on the environment, such as deforestation for agricultural land, water pollution from fertilizer runoff, and greenhouse gas emissions from livestock and agricultural machinery.

Sustainable agricultural practices include crop rotation to maintain soil fertility, integrated pest management to reduce the use of pesticides, and conservation tillage to minimize soil erosion.

Agriculture in the 21st century faces challenges such as climate change, water scarcity, and an increasing population, which require innovative solutions to ensure food security and sustainability.

Agricultural technologies used to increase crop yields include genetically modified crops, precision agriculture using GPS and sensors, and vertical farming in controlled environments.

Agricultural policies aimed at supporting farmers include price supports to guarantee a minimum price for their products, subsidies to reduce production costs, and crop insurance to protect against losses.

Agricultural trade agreements include free trade agreements to eliminate tariffs and quotas, tariffs to protect domestic producers, and quotas to limit the quantity of agricultural products imported.

Agricultural research aimed at improving crop yields includes plant breeding to develop new varieties with desirable traits, genetic engineering to modify crop genes, and soil science to study soil properties and fertility.

Agricultural extension services aimed at providing farmers with information and support include agricultural cooperatives, farmer's markets, and agricultural research stations.

Agricultural marketing aimed at promoting and selling agricultural products includes advertising, branding to create a unique identity, and labeling to provide information to consumers.

Agricultural processing aimed at transforming agricultural products into food and other products includes milling to grind grains, baking to produce bread and pastries, and canning to preserve fruits and vegetables.