MARPOL 73/78 (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes.

The ISM Code (International Safety Management Code) is a set of international regulations for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention.

Double hull design involves having two layers of hull, with a space between them, to reduce the risk of oil spills in case of a collision or grounding.

Ballast water treatment systems are used to remove harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens from ballast water before it is discharged into the marine environment.

Using low-sulfur fuel, installing scrubbers, and adopting energy-efficient technologies are all methods used to reduce air pollution from ships.

The IMO is responsible for developing and enforcing international regulations, providing technical assistance to member states, and promoting cooperation among member states in the areas of marine safety and environmental protection.

An oil spill response plan provides a framework for responding to oil spills, including outlining the steps to be taken, identifying available resources, and establishing communication channels.

Lifeboats, life rafts, and life jackets are all types of life-saving appliances used to protect passengers and crew in the event of a ship sinking.

The main purpose of a ship's emergency generator is to provide backup power in case of a main engine failure, ensuring that essential systems remain operational.

Oil spills, chemical spills, sewage discharge, and garbage discharge are all common types of marine pollution caused by ships.

Oil spill cleanup is the process of removing oil or other hazardous substances from water, typically involving containment, recovery, and disposal techniques.

The STCW Convention (International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers) sets standards for the training, certification, and watchkeeping of seafarers.

A ship's voyage data recorder (VDR) is used to record data related to the ship's operation and navigation, such as speed, heading, and position, for use in accident investigation and analysis.

Using energy-efficient technologies, adopting slow steaming practices, and installing exhaust gas cleaning systems are all methods used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships.

Risk assessment is the process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing risks associated with marine engineering operations.