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Engineering Geology and Geomorphology

Description: This quiz evaluates your knowledge in Engineering Geology and Geomorphology.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: engineering geology geomorphology geology
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

What is the primary focus of Engineering Geology?

  1. Studying the interaction between geological processes and human activities.

  2. Investigating the properties of rocks and minerals.

  3. Exploring the history of the Earth's geological formations.

  4. Assessing the impact of natural disasters on the environment.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Engineering Geology primarily deals with understanding how geological factors influence human-made structures and infrastructure, and how human activities can impact geological processes.

Which geological phenomenon is responsible for the formation of caves?

  1. Erosion by wind

  2. Volcanic activity

  3. Dissolution of soluble rocks by water

  4. Metamorphic processes


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Caves are typically formed through the process of dissolution, where water seeps through cracks and joints in soluble rocks like limestone or dolomite, gradually dissolving and enlarging the openings over time.

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to physical weathering?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Frost wedging


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Frost wedging is a physical weathering process where water seeps into cracks and joints in rocks, freezes, expands, and exerts pressure, causing the rock to break apart.

Which geomorphic agent is primarily responsible for the formation of sand dunes?

  1. Glaciers

  2. Wind

  3. Rivers

  4. Volcanoes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Wind is the primary geomorphic agent responsible for the formation and movement of sand dunes. Wind picks up and transports sand grains, causing them to accumulate and form dunes in areas with sufficient wind energy.

What is the term used to describe the process of soil formation?

  1. Weathering

  2. Erosion

  3. Deposition

  4. Pedogenesis


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pedogenesis refers to the process of soil formation, where various factors such as climate, parent material, topography, and biological activity interact to transform weathered rock material into soil.

Which geological structure is often associated with the occurrence of earthquakes?

  1. Anticline

  2. Syncline

  3. Fault

  4. Dome


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Faults are geological structures where rocks have fractured and shifted relative to each other. Movement along faults can release seismic energy, resulting in earthquakes.

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to chemical weathering?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Frost wedging


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hydrolysis is a chemical weathering process where water reacts with minerals in rocks, breaking them down and altering their composition.

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the erosive action of a river?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Moraines


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Meanders are sinuous bends in a river's course, formed as the river erodes and deposits sediment along its banks.

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to temperature changes?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Frost wedging


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Exfoliation is a physical weathering process where concentric layers of rock peel off due to temperature variations, causing the rock to break down.

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the deposition of sediment by a glacier?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Moraines


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moraines are ridges or mounds of sediment deposited by glaciers at their terminus or along their sides.

What is the term used to describe the process of soil erosion by wind?

  1. Deflation

  2. Abrasion

  3. Plucking

  4. Attrition


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Deflation is the process by which wind removes loose soil particles from the Earth's surface, resulting in soil erosion.

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the erosive action of a glacier?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Moraines


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cirques are bowl-shaped depressions formed by glacial erosion at the head of a valley.

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to the action of plants and animals?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Biological weathering


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biological weathering is the process by which plants and animals break down rocks through their activities, such as root penetration, burrowing, and the release of organic acids.

Which geomorphic feature is formed by the deposition of sediment by a river?

  1. Sand dunes

  2. Meanders

  3. Cirques

  4. Floodplains


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Floodplains are flat, low-lying areas adjacent to rivers that are periodically inundated during floods.

What is the term used to describe the process of rock breakdown due to the action of water?

  1. Exfoliation

  2. Hydrolysis

  3. Carbonation

  4. Hydraulic action


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hydraulic action is the process by which water physically breaks down rocks through its force and erosive power.

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