The sitar is a stringed instrument with a long neck and a gourd-shaped body. Its distinctive sound is created by plucking the strings with a wire plectrum, resulting in a rich and resonant tone.

The tabla is a pair of hand drums, played with the fingers and palms. It produces a wide range of sounds, from deep bass tones to crisp, high-pitched accents, creating a complex and captivating rhythmic foundation.

The sarangi is a bowed string instrument with a short neck and a rounded body. Its unique sound is characterized by its sympathetic strings, which resonate along with the main strings, creating a rich and emotive tone.

The harmonium is a keyboard instrument with a bellows-operated air chamber. It produces a sustained, drone-like sound, often used to accompany vocal performances or provide a harmonic foundation for melodies.

The mridangam is a double-headed drum with a barrel-shaped body. It is played with two wooden sticks, producing a deep, resonant sound that complements the melodic instruments in Carnatic music.

The bansuri is a transverse flute made of bamboo. It is known for its sweet, mellow tone and is commonly used in Indian classical, folk, and devotional music.

The sarod is a bowed string instrument with a long neck and a gourd-shaped body. Its sound is characterized by its deep, resonant tone and is often used in Hindustani classical music.

The shehnai is a conical-shaped instrument with a piercing sound. It is traditionally played during auspicious occasions, such as weddings and religious ceremonies.

The manjira is a pair of small hand cymbals made of brass or bronze. They are played by striking them together, producing a bright, metallic sound.

The veena is a stringed instrument with a trapezoidal body and a long neck. It is known for its rich, resonant sound and is considered one of the most important instruments in Carnatic classical music.

The esraj is a bowed string instrument with a short neck and a rounded body. It is known for its sweet, mellow tone and is often used in Hindustani classical music.

The ektara is a one-stringed instrument with a gourd-shaped body and a long neck. It is commonly used in folk and devotional music and is known for its simple yet haunting sound.

The taal is a pair of wooden sticks, played by striking them together. It is commonly used in Indian classical and folk music to keep the rhythm and provide a percussive element.

The dholak is a large, circular frame drum with a single hide stretched over it. It is commonly used in folk and devotional music and is known for its loud, resonant sound.

The jhanj is a pair of metal discs, played by striking them together. It is commonly used in Indian classical and folk music to keep the rhythm and provide a percussive element.