Behaviorism and Its Impact

Description: Behaviorism and Its Impact Quiz
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: behaviorism classical conditioning operant conditioning b.f. skinner john b. watson
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Who is considered the founder of behaviorism?

  1. B.F. Skinner

  2. John B. Watson

  3. Ivan Pavlov

  4. Edward Thorndike


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

John B. Watson is widely regarded as the founder of behaviorism, a school of thought that emphasizes the study of observable behavior and the role of environmental factors in shaping behavior.

What is the basic principle of classical conditioning?

  1. Stimulus-response association

  2. Reinforcement and punishment

  3. Observational learning

  4. Cognitive processes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning, is based on the principle of stimulus-response association, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus through repeated pairing, leading to a conditioned response.

What is the term for the neutral stimulus in classical conditioning?

  1. Conditioned stimulus

  2. Unconditioned stimulus

  3. Conditioned response

  4. Unconditioned response


Correct Option:
Explanation:

In classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus is a stimulus that initially does not elicit a specific response but becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus through repeated pairing.

What is the term for the meaningful stimulus in classical conditioning?

  1. Conditioned stimulus

  2. Unconditioned stimulus

  3. Conditioned response

  4. Unconditioned response


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that naturally elicits a specific response without prior learning.

What is the term for the learned response in classical conditioning?

  1. Conditioned stimulus

  2. Unconditioned stimulus

  3. Conditioned response

  4. Unconditioned response


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In classical conditioning, the conditioned response is a learned response that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus after repeated pairing with the unconditioned stimulus.

Who is known for his work on operant conditioning?

  1. B.F. Skinner

  2. John B. Watson

  3. Ivan Pavlov

  4. Edward Thorndike


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

B.F. Skinner is renowned for his research on operant conditioning, which focuses on the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.

What is the basic principle of operant conditioning?

  1. Stimulus-response association

  2. Reinforcement and punishment

  3. Observational learning

  4. Cognitive processes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Operant conditioning, also known as instrumental conditioning, is based on the principle of reinforcement and punishment, where the consequences of a behavior influence the likelihood of its repetition.

What is the term for increasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a positive consequence?

  1. Positive reinforcement

  2. Negative reinforcement

  3. Positive punishment

  4. Negative punishment


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Positive reinforcement involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a desirable consequence after the behavior occurs.

What is the term for decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing a negative consequence?

  1. Positive reinforcement

  2. Negative reinforcement

  3. Positive punishment

  4. Negative punishment


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Negative reinforcement involves increasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing an unpleasant consequence after the behavior occurs.

What is the term for decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing an unpleasant consequence?

  1. Positive reinforcement

  2. Negative reinforcement

  3. Positive punishment

  4. Negative punishment


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Positive punishment involves decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by providing an unpleasant consequence after the behavior occurs.

What is the term for decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing a desirable consequence?

  1. Positive reinforcement

  2. Negative reinforcement

  3. Positive punishment

  4. Negative punishment


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Negative punishment involves decreasing the likelihood of a behavior by removing a desirable consequence after the behavior occurs.

What is the term for learning through observation and imitation?

  1. Classical conditioning

  2. Operant conditioning

  3. Observational learning

  4. Cognitive learning


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Observational learning, also known as social learning or modeling, involves learning through observing and imitating the behavior of others.

Who is known for his work on observational learning?

  1. B.F. Skinner

  2. John B. Watson

  3. Ivan Pavlov

  4. Albert Bandura


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Albert Bandura is renowned for his research on observational learning, particularly through his Bobo doll experiment.

What is the term for the process of gradually changing behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior?

  1. Shaping

  2. Chaining

  3. Fading

  4. Prompting


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Shaping involves gradually changing behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior, starting with small steps and gradually increasing the complexity.

What is the term for the process of linking a series of behaviors together to create a complex sequence?

  1. Shaping

  2. Chaining

  3. Fading

  4. Prompting


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chaining involves linking a series of behaviors together to create a complex sequence, where the completion of one behavior triggers the next.

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