Progressive rock emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s, blending elements of rock, classical, and jazz music. It is known for its complex song structures, lengthy compositions, and use of odd time signatures.

Black Sabbath is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of heavy metal music. Their self-titled debut album, released in 1970, is considered a landmark in the genre's development.

Punk rock emerged in the 1970s as a reaction against the perceived commercialism and excess of mainstream rock music. It is known for its fast tempo, aggressive vocals, and simple song structures.

Queen is one of the most iconic bands associated with the glam rock movement of the 1970s. Known for their elaborate stage costumes, theatrical performances, and Freddie Mercury's powerful vocals, Queen helped define the genre.

Synthpop emerged in the 1980s as a subgenre of new wave music. It is characterized by its use of synthesizers, drum machines, and electronic effects, creating a distinctive sound that defined the era.

Nirvana is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of grunge music. Their album 'Nevermind', released in 1991, is considered a landmark in the genre's development and helped bring grunge to mainstream popularity.

Nu metal emerged in the 1990s as a fusion of heavy metal and hip hop. It is characterized by its aggressive vocals, heavy guitar riffs, and socially conscious lyrics, often addressing issues such as alienation, anger, and social injustice.

Pearl Jam is one of the most prominent bands associated with the post-grunge movement of the 1990s. Known for their introspective lyrics, melodic rock sound, and powerful live performances, Pearl Jam helped define the genre.

Electro rock emerged in the 2000s as a fusion of rock music with electronic elements, synthesizers, and dance-oriented rhythms. It is known for its energetic live performances and its appeal to both rock and electronic music fans.

R.E.M. is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of indie rock. Formed in 1980, the band's unique sound, combining elements of rock, pop, and folk, helped define the genre and paved the way for many other indie rock bands.

Math rock emerged in the 2010s as a subgenre of rock music characterized by its use of complex rhythms, polyrhythms, and odd time signatures. It is known for its intricate compositions and challenging song structures.

Sigur Rós is one of the most prominent bands associated with the post-rock movement. Known for their instrumental compositions, atmospheric soundscapes, and ethereal vocals, Sigur Rós has helped define the genre and gained a worldwide following.

Rap rock emerged in the 1990s as a fusion of rock music with hip hop elements such as sampling, turntablism, and rapping. It is known for its energetic live performances and its appeal to both rock and hip hop fans.

Tool is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of alternative metal. Formed in 1990, the band's unique sound, combining elements of rock, metal, and progressive music, helped define the genre and influenced many other alternative metal bands.

Pop punk emerged in the 2000s as a fusion of punk rock with pop music elements such as clean vocals, catchy melodies, and simple song structures. It is known for its energetic live performances and its appeal to both punk and pop fans.