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Groundwater and depletion of water table

Description: groundwater and depletion of water table
Number of Questions: 21
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Tags: water: a precious resource social science chemistry tanks and groundwater water: a natural resource water
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Which of the following is mostly used as a drinking water source by us?

  1. Sea water

  2. Glaciers

  3. Ground water

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Groundwater is mostly used as drinking water source by us. 

Sea-water contains dissolved salt in it, hence it is not generally used for drinking purposes unless purified. 
Hence, the answer is C.

A depletion in the water table of a place is caused by which of the following?

  1. Constructing factories and houses

  2. Making concrete roads and floors

  3. Deforestation

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Constructing factories and houses involve a large scale of deforestation. Due to deforestation, the soil will not remain intact due to which the water holding capacity of the soil decreases which causes a depletion in the water table. Making of concrete floors and roads do not allow the rainwater to seep through the soil and therefore causes a fall in the level of the water table.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{D}$

Well water is an example of:

  1. surface water

  2. rain water

  3. underground water

  4. river water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Well water is an example of underground water. A water well is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving and or drilling to access ground water in underground aquifers. The well water is drawn by a pump or using containers such as buckets that are raised mechanically or by hand.

The water table of a place :

  1. changes from time to time

  2. changes from palce to place

  3. goes down when rains are less

  4. all of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Water table is also called ground water table and it changes from time to time, and from place to place according to availability of sources and it goes down when rains in monsoon season are less.

In a small town, the number of water pumps, concrete houses and roads increased. The water table of that place will :

  1. get lower

  2. get higher

  3. remain unaffected

  4. none of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The level of water table falls in a place, where the number of water pumps increases because with the help of water pumps groundwater is extracted and this depleted groundwater is not replaced as concrete houses and roads do not allow the rainwater to seep through the soil.

Water found in wells :
  1. contain sodium carbonate

  2. is underground water

  3. contain distilled water

  4. contain ice


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Water found inn wells is underground water ground water is a found in underground aquiters where it is naturally feltued through many layers of rock and sand.

In a small town, the number of water pumps, concrete houses and roads increased. The water table of that place will:

  1. get lower

  2. get higher

  3. remain unaffected

  4. none of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Due to number of water pumps the water level decreases due excess use of water, and if the number of roads and houses increases the rainwater absorption decreases so that ground water cannot refill after the excess use. 

The minimum depth in the soil where all the spaces are filled with water is called:

  1. saturation level

  2. ground water table

  3. ground water

  4. water table


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The minimum depth in the soil where all the spaces are filled with water is called the water table.

So, option (D) is the correct answer.

Deplaction of the water table is due to which of the following resion?

  1. insufficient rain fall

  2. industrial activities

  3. excess of tube wells

  4. all of them


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All the given reasons as insufficient rainfall, industrial activities and excessive use of ground water are responsible for the depletion of water table. 

The water table is:

  1. the upper level of an underground surface in which the soil or rocks are permanently saturated with water.

  2. the upper level of an underground surface in which the soil or rocks are unsaturated with water.

  3. the lower level of an underground surface in which the soil or rocks are permanently saturated with water.

  4. the lower level of an underground surface in which the soil or rocks are unsaturated with water.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The water table is also known as ground water table in which water seeps into the ground and move downward till it reaches the stage of saturation. The velocity at which water flows underground depends on the permeability of the rocks.

The water table fluctuates:

  1. by climatic variations

  2. by the amount of precipitation used by vegetation

  3. by withdrawing excessive amounts of water from wells

  4. all of them


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The water table is also known as ground water table in which water seeps into the ground and move downward till it reaches the stage of saturation hence it fluctuates by changes in seasons, precipitation or by withdrawing a large amount of water. 

Which of the following does not cause a depletion in the water table of a place?

  1. Constructing factories and houses

  2. Making concrete roads and floors

  3. Deforestation

  4. None of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All the three options cause depletion in water table in a place as first and second case consume water and third case decrease water retention of soil and also decrease rainfall.

So, none of these is the correct option.                     

What happens to the water table of a place having droughts for a long period of time?

  1. It gets higher because of continuous evaporation and flow.

  2. It gets lower because of continuous evaporation and flow

  3. It gets replenished continuously

  4. can't say anything


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The water table is also called as groundwater table. It's recharge depend on the recharge from infiltration of precipitation so when a drought hit the land surface it affects the water level below ground. This result in falling groundwater level due to evaporation and flow.

So, the correct option is 'it gets lower due to continuous evaporation and flow'.

A man digging the ground near a water body found that the soil was moist.As he kept digging deeper and deeper he reached a level where all the spaces between particles of soil and gaps between rocks were filled with water. The upper limit of this layer is called:

  1. water level

  2. ground water

  3. water table

  4. water limit


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The upper limit of this layer where water is present between particles of soil and gaps between rocks is called water table and water below the layer is called groundwater.

The process of seeping out water into the ground is called:

  1. evaporation

  2. infiltration

  3. transpiration

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The process of seeping out water into the ground is known as infiltration.

 It is process by which water goes into the ground resulting in increase in water table.
The process is not evaporation as it means evaporating the water present on the ground. 
The process is not transpiration as it is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves.

Groundwater accumulates between the layer of hard rocks. It is known as:

  1. pond

  2. water table

  3. surface water

  4. aquifer


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ground water accumulator between the layer of hard rocks (water bearing permeable rock, rock fractures). It is known as aquifer.

At places, the groundwater is stored between layers of hard rock below the water table. This is known as __________.

  1. a reservoir

  2. an aquifer

  3. a hard water

  4. a well water


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand or salt). Ground water can be extracted using a water well.

Water in the aquifers can be usually pumped out with the help of:

  1. handpumps

  2. drilling

  3. tubewell

  4. both $A$ and $C$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

When a water-bearing rock readily transmits water to wells and springs, it is called an aquifer. Wells can be drilled into the aquifers and water can be pumped out with handpump or tubewell.

If we dig a hole in the ground near a water body we may find that the soil is ________.

  1. oily

  2. moist

  3. red

  4. both $A$ and $B$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If we dig a hole in ground near a water body, the soil becomes moist. Because the ground water accumulated inside the ground provide moisture to the soil.

The soil cannot be find oily because oil is found in few regions and found deep inside the earth.
The soil cannot be find red as red soil is formed by crystalline rocks and these rocks are found very rarely. 

Groundwater gets recharged by the process of:

  1. pumping

  2. heavy rainfall

  3. infiltration

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Groundwater gets recharged by this process of infiltration.
Infiltration is the process by which precipitation or the bulk of rainwater and melted snow soaks into subsurface soils and moves into rocks through cracks and pore spaces. so when the water soaks into the ground the groundwater gets recharged.

Tubewell are used to pump out water from :

  1. tanks

  2. ground

  3. river

  4. aquifer


Correct Option: B,D
Explanation:

Tubewell are used to pump out water from ground and acquifer.

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