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Forest and its importance

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National Forest Policy of India has recommended (i) forest cover for the plains and (ii) for the hills.

  1. (i) 33% (ii) 67%

  2. (i) 67% (ii) 33%

  3. (i) 50% (ii) 50%

  4. (i) 40% (ii) 60%


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

National Forest Policy (1988) of India has recommended 33 percent forest cover for the plains and 67 percent for the hills.

Study the following statements regarding food chains and select the correct ones.
(i) Removal of $80\%$ tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.
(ii) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.
(iii) The length of food chains is generally limited to $3-4$ trophic levels due to energy loss.
(iv) The length of food chains may vary from $2$ to $8$ trophic levels.

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. (iii) and (iv)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If carnivores, which feed on deer are removed, then the deer population will flourish. Removal of 80% of tigers from an area will cause an increase in the population of herbivores, which would further feed on more vegetation thus, decreasing its growth. The length of the food chain is limited to 3−4 trophic levels as only 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level. Hence after 3−4 trophic levels, there is very little or no energy left to sustain more trophic levels.

So, the correct answer is '(ii) and (iii)'.

The key elements that determine differences in environmental conditions of different habitats include 

  1. Temperature

  2. Light

  3. Soil

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Environment is the sum of all boo tic (living) and a biotin (non-living) factors that surround and practically influence the organism. All components are Inter-linked and inter-dependent. Biotin factors include different organism. Abiotic factors are non-living factors survival, form, function, behavior and reproduction of organism. There are many abiotic factors. The four major abiotic factors are temperature, water, light and soil. 

So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Major consumer of wood from forest is __________

  1. Thermal Power Plant

  2. Paper Industry

  3. Chemistry Industry

  4. none


Correct Option: B

Which of the following are green lungs?

  1. Green coloured lungs

  2. Lungs with green alga

  3. Lungs in Green coloured animals

  4. Forests


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Forest is called as the green lung because they fix the carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight and convert them into glucose by the process of photosynthesis. The reaction of carbon dioxide with water during this process releases oxygen as byproduct and glucose is formed. Thus forest replenishes oxygen in turn of carbon dioxide. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

What is Canopy?

  1. Uppermost level of the forest

  2. Ground level of the forest

  3. Soil in forest

  4. Climbers on trees


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is called as dynamic living entity?

  1. Oceans

  2. Villages

  3. Cities

  4. Forests


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Forests are areas of biodiversity hot spots, as we know. They are full of plants, trees, animals and birds. 
  • Even the dead bodies of plants and animals are decayed by saprophytes, supporting large forms of life. 
  • In this process, they provide the soil with nutrients that help the seeds to grow properly and support new forms of life. So we can say that forests are dynamic living entities.
So, option D, 'Forests' is the correct answer.

Plantation produces around ___________ percentage of industrial woods.

  1. twenty

  2. thirty

  3. forty

  4. fifty


Correct Option: C

When we destroy a forest we destroy 

  1. An ecosystem

  2. The plant life

  3. Population of wild life

  4. Food and shelter of wild animals


Correct Option: A

Which forest is a source of lumber and paper pulp?

  1. Tropical rain forest

  2. Monsoon

  3. Desert

  4. Boreal Forest


Correct Option: D

The area to which a species is biologically adapted to live is known as __________

  1. Niche

  2. Habitat

  3. Succession

  4. Community


Correct Option: B

Which of the following is the branchy part of a tree?

  1. Stem tip

  2. Apical stem

  3. Crown

  4. Axillary stem


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Crown of a tree is basically the aerial part of trees that contains branches, leaves and stems. Thus, it constitutes the branchy part of trees.

Stem tip refers to only the tip of the stem.
Apical stem and axillary stems are also stem types.
So, crown is the part of tree that has various branches over it.

Which of the following provides nutrients to the seedling to grow in forest ?

  1. Grubs

  2. Beetles

  3. Bacteria

  4. Decaying animals dung


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The animals living in the forests excrete the nitrogenous wastes which is acted upon by the microbes. The complex materials in the dung is converted into simpler form of nutrients. These nutrients are taken up by the plants and trees in the forests. The new seedling utilises the nutrients from this decayed dung. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

The most rapidly depleting resource in the world is 

  1. Water

  2. Forest

  3. Wind

  4. Sunlight


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Forest is depleting day by day due to the rapid urbanisation. As urbanising is increasing rapidly thus forest is most rapidly depleting natural resource. 

Forests decrease the speed of water dispersion by the help of their:

  1. foliage

  2. craggy bark

  3. litter

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D

Forest is known as habitat because

  1. It provides food and shelter to animals

  2. It has specific set of plants and animals

  3. It is a natural resource

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D

The top part of trees in forest is called as

  1. Canopy

  2. Crown

  3. Understory

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is a natural habitat?

  1. Forest

  2. Zoo

  3. Aquarium

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Which of the following forest tree is used for medicinal purpose?

  1. Neem

  2. Oak

  3. Turmeric

  4. Basil


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Turmeric has some antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and Basil is used for stomach spasms, loss of appetite, intestinal gas but they come under herbs, not a tree.
  • Oak is mainly used for furniture purposes as Oak wood is exceedingly strong, heavy and durable.
  • Neem tree has various medicinal properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral. 
  • So, option A neem is the correct answer.

Which of the following can be traced at the forest floor?

  1. Humus

  2. Herbs

  3. Birds

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D

Which of the following covers the forest floor?

  1. Herbs

  2. Shrubs

  3. Trees

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Leaves and branches are collectively known as

  1. Crown

  2. Trunk

  3. Root

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Which of the following helps in the formation of humus?

  1. Plants

  2. Animals

  3. Decomposers

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C

Which of the following type of crown is seen pine trees?

  1. Conical

  2. Broad

  3. Round

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Seeping of rainwater takes place in

  1. Forest floor

  2. Understorey

  3. Canopy

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Giant and tall trees forms the

  1. Canopy

  2. Understorey

  3. Forest floor

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Which of the following plant provides woods for construction?

  1. Sheesham

  2. Bamboo

  3. Wheat

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D

Taiga refers to _______________.

  1. Temperate deciduous forest

  2. subtropical semi-deciduous forest

  3. Evergreen forest

  4. North temperate coniferous forest


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The taiga or northern temperate coniferous forest or boreal forests consist of evergreen, cone bearing trees.

So, the correct answer is 'North temperate coniferous forest'

In India coniferous forests are found in ______________.

  1. Madhya Pradesh

  2. Himalayan region

  3. Satpura hills

  4. Rajasthan


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Himalayan coniferous forests are altitudinal forests which occur in the Himalayas at the altitude of 1700-3000 m

So, the correct answer is 'Himalayan region'

Sal and teak is the dominant species in which of the following forests :-

  1. Tropical dry deciduous forests

  2. Temperate deciduous forest

  3. Temperate rain forest

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The tropical dry deciduous forest biomes develop in the region where moisture relation are intermediate between desert and savanna. These are found in Southeast Asia, Central and South America, India and Northern Australia. Teak and Sal are major large tree.

So, the correct answer is 'Tropical dry deciduous forests'

Deciduous forests have _______________.

  1. Variety of grasses

  2. Broad-leaved trees

  3. Narrow-leaved trees

  4. Variety of crocodiles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The plants of the deciduous forests shed their leaves during one season. Its dominant climax vegetation consists of broad leaved hardwood (dicot) tree like Oak, Elm, Maple, Birch, etc.

So, the correct answer is 'Broad-leaved trees'

Which of the following is not a protected forest?

  1. Reserve forest

  2. Sanctuary

  3. Core of biosphere

  4. Orchard


Correct Option: D

Land mass occupied by forest is about

  1. 11%

  2. 22%

  3. 31%

  4. 60%


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Forests cover 31 percent of the world's land surface i.e over 4 billion hectares. (One hectare = 2.47 acres.) .
  • In India, the total forest and tree cover is spread across 802,088 square km, which is 24.39 percent of the geographical area of the country.
  • Hence Land mass occupied by forest is about 11%.
  • So, the correct answer is '11%'.

Which one of the following species is the nutritious fodder plant introduced by forest department?

  1. Cleome spinosa

  2. Dodonaea viscosa

  3. Stylosanthes hamata

  4. Derris elliptica


Correct Option: A

Percentage of land covered by forests in India is

  1. 9-18%

  2. 18-27%

  3. 27-36%

  4. More than 50%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The percentage of land covered by forest in India is around 24.39%, which is approximately 802,088 square km

So, the correct answer is '18-27%'

Match List-I(Forest type) with List-II(Plant association) and select the correct answer using the codes given the lists.

List-I List-II
a. Alpine $1$. Dipterocarpus
b. Tropical thorn $2$. Abies
c. Tropical dry deciduous $3$. Acacia
d. Tropical wet evergreen $4$. Tectona
  1. A-$1$, B-$3$, C-$4$, D-$2$

  2. A-$1$, B-$4$, C-$3$, D-$2$

  3. A-$2$, B-$3$, C-$4$, D-$1$

  4. A-$2$, B-$4$, C-$3$, D-$1$


Correct Option: A

Consider the following statements. The concept of growing multipurpose trees in Social Forestry and Agro-forestry is for.
a. Food
b. Fuel
c. Fruit
d. Fodder
Which of the statements are correct?

  1. $1, 2$ and $4$

  2. $2, 3$ and $4$

  3. $1, 3$ and $4$

  4. $1, 2$ and $3$


Correct Option: A

Which one of the following terms denotes the southern temperate vegetation of our country and which is represented by extensive growth of grasses and evergreen forests?

  1. Alpine vegetation

  2. Moist tropical forest

  3. Sholas

  4. Tundra vegetation


Correct Option: A

Forest floor is known as the floor for the animal habitat. Which of the following animals are present on the forest floor?

  1. Parrot

  2. Snakes

  3. Pigeon

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The forest floor is also called detritus and O horizon. It is one of the features of a forest ecosystem. It is known as the floor of the animal habitat. It consists of shed vegetative parts like leaves, branches, stems. It exists above the soil surface. Usually, insects that feed on the leaf litter are found on it. Examples of animals found on the forest floor include snake, lizards, butterflies.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Which of the following shape of the crown is common in plants of cold areas?

  1. Conical

  2. Round

  3. Broad

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Conical shape is common for plants in cold regions. This shape helps to protect them from snowfall as the snow will slip off  the plant quickly during winters, preventing accumulation of snow on the plant and decay of leaves.
So, the correct answer is 'Conical'

Average per capita forest cover for the world is

  1. 0.16 ha

  2. 0.34 ha

  3. 0.64 ha

  4. 1.06 ha


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Forest cover almost 31% of the world area on earth. Average per capita forest cover for the world is 0.64 ha.
So, the correct answer is '0.64’

Which of the following plant helps to prepare medicine?

  1. Amla

  2. Neem

  3. Tulsi

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

In 1900, the forest cover of the world comprised

  1. 2500 million ha

  2. 7000 million ha

  3. 5500 million ha

  4. 1700 million ha


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In 1900, the forest cover of the world comprised about 7000 million hectors. In 2000, the forest cover of the world comprised only about 2370 million hector’s. It indicates that more than 50% of the tropical forests were converted into agricultural land.

Thus, the correct answer is '7000 million ha.'

Forest department has been able to maintain biodiversity by growing Pine, Teak and Eucalptus on large tracts.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Nither

  4. Either


Correct Option: B

A natural resource is a substance/commodity that is a gift of nature which is very useful to mankind.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Nither

  4. Either


Correct Option: A

'Social foresty' aims at

  1. growing different types of plantations together

  2. growing one type of tree on the land

  3. management of forests by village bodies

  4. management of forests by cooperative societies.


Correct Option: C

The most rapidly dwindling natural resource in the world is forests.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Nither

  4. Either


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is correct to show the utility of forests?

  1. Forests provide shelter to various kinds of species

  2. Forests help in water conservation

  3. Forests provide a wide variety of commercial product

  4. Forests do not help in the conservation of soil.


Correct Option: A,B,C

The following are stakeholders of forests which one of these causes the maximum damage to forest?

  1. People who live in or around the forest

  2. The industrials

  3. The wildlife and native enthusiasts

  4. The forest department of the government.


Correct Option: C
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