Diversity in the living world - class-XII
Description: diversity in the living world | |
Number of Questions: 58 | |
Created by: Anumati Koshy | |
Tags: biology biodiversity and conservation zoology animal- the base of our life diversity of life evs biodiversity and its conservation environmental management the living world |
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding biodiversity?
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Biodiversity deals with biological and geographical units such as genes, chromosomes, species, families and biogeographic religions.
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Biodiversity is an addition sum of genetic, taxonomic and ecosystem diversity.
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It is a measure of the amount of resources shared by the human population.
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None of these
- Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.
- It deals with biological and geographical units such as genes, chromosomes, species, families and biogeographic religions
- It is an additional sum of genetic, taxonomic and ecosystem diversity.
- Biodiversity is a measure of species richness i.e The number of groups of genetically or functionally related individuals.
- Hence Biodiversity is a measure of the number of resources shared by the human population is a wrong statement.
- So, the correct answer is 'Option C'.
The term biodiversity is popularised by
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Odum
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Paul Ehrlich
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Edward Wilson
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Tilman.
Biodiversity is the term popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organisation.
Among the ecosystem mentioned below where can one maximum biodiversity?
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Mangroves
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Desert
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Coral reefs
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Alpine Meadows
Rate of replacement of species along a gradient of habitats/communities is called
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$\alpha$ - diversity
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$\beta$ - diversity
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$\gamma$ - diversity
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$\omega$ - diversity
The local species pool is known as alpha diversity. It is also the diversity present within the community. Beta diversity is the diversity present between the communities. The diversity present in the ranges of communities is known as Gamma diversity.
The term biodiversity is related to
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All living plants
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All living animals
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All living plants and animals
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Living plants, animals and microbes found in their natural habitats
The difference between different living things with respect to their appearance and mode of life is called as
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Classification
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Biodiversity
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Evolotion
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All of the above
- Biodiversity means the diversity of living forms. Different life forms have a different physical appearance.
- Some are tall, some are short and their mode of life is also different. For example, some are autotrophs some are heterotrophs, some organisms live in water or land or both.
The totality of genes, species and ecosystems of a region is known as
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Biosphere
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Biodiversity
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Bioconservation
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Biocommunity
Variety of organisms existing on the earth, their interrelationships and their relationship with the environment is called as
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Diversity
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Biosphere
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Biology
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Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variation in living organisms from all sources such as terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. It also involves the interaction of the biotic and abiotic factors with each other. Biodiversity is responsible for maintenance of balance in the ecosystem. Thus the correct answer is option D.
Measure of biodiversity of an area is
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The number of species found there
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The range of different life forms
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Biodiversity is the variety of different types of life found on the Earth and the variations within species. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. Hence, the correct answer is option C.
The study of total number and types of organisms present on earth is
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Ecology
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Taxonomy
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Biodiversity
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Classification
Biodiversity is the term used to describe the variety of life found on Earth and all of the natural processes. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation or species variation within an area, biome or planet. The biodiversity is more concentrated within the tropical ecosystems than temperate ecosystems. The most diverse group of animals are invertebrates.
Some human activities have indirect but wide-reaching effects on biodiversity, including climate change and pollution. These threats have put a serious strain on the diversity of species on Earth.
Variety of organisms in different ecosystem can be measured by
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Genetics
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Microbiology
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Biodiversity
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All of the above
Biodiversity is the measure of the variety of life on the earth. It can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation within an area, biome, or planet. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
................ is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.
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Environment
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Biodiversity
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Generation
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None of the above
Biodiversity, a contraction of "biological diversity," generally refers to the variety and variability of life on the Earth. One of the most widely used definitions defines it in terms of the variability within species, between species and between ecosystems. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.
Biodiversity consists of variety of
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Plants
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Animals
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Organisms
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All of the above
The different variety of life forms is known as biodiversity which includes plants, animals and microorganisms where they interact with each other and maintain the ecosystem. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Convention of biodiversity came into force on
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29 December 1993
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6 June 1992
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3 October 1994
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4 October 1993
The Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in 1992. Earth summit at Rio, Brazil, promoted 'Convention on Biological Diversity' (CBD), which was signed by 152 nations. Its recommendations came into effect on 29th Dec. 1993. India became a party to this 'Convention on Biological Diversity' in May 1994.
Alpha diversity is biodiversity present
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Within community
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Between community
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Ranges of communities
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All of the above
The local species pool is known as alpha diversity. It is also the diversity present within the community. Beta diversity is the diversity present between the communities. The diversity present in the ranges of communities is known as Gamma diversity.
Biodiversity is determined by
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Number of individuals in an area
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Species richness
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Evenness
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Both B and C
The variety and variability of living organisms (both plants and animals) are known as biodiversity. The variation measured by biodiversity is at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Species richness and evenness are major factors determining biodiversity. Tropics have the highest biodiversity.
Biodiversity act of India was passed by Parliament in
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1992
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1996
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2000
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2002
An Act of the Parliament of India for the preservation of biological diversity in India was passed in 2002 known as the Biodiversity Act of India. This act provides methods for the sharing of benefits in an equitable manner arising out of the use of traditional biological resources and its knowledge. The function of this act includes: Regulation of acts prohibited under the Act, Advise the Government on the conservation of biodiversity, etc. Any offense under this Act is non-bailable and cognizable.
India became a party to convention on biological diversity in
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1994
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1993
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1992
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1988
World biodiversity day is
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22$^{nd}$ April
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16$^{th}$ September
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5$^{th}$ June
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22$^{nd}$ may
Select correct statement about biodiversity.
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Desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal species as well as rare animals
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Western Ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism
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Conservation of biodiversity is a fad pursued by developed countries
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Large scale planting of Bt cotton has no adverse effect on biodiversity
A mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula is known as the Western Ghats. The area has over 7,402 species of flowering plants, 1,814 species of non-flowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species, 179 amphibian species, 6,000 insects species, and 290 freshwater fish species. Many undiscovered species also exist. Around 325 globally threatened species also occur here. And this makes clear that the Western Ghats are the most biodiversity-rich zone in India. It is also known as 'Cradle of speciation'.
India became a party to Convention on Biological Diversity in
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1994
-
1993
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1992
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1988
The Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It resulted in the Convention on Biodiversity, a multilateral treaty. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the genetic resources. India became a party to this convention in 1994.
Which statement is not true about biodiversity in India?
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India is rich in biodiversity
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Indo-Burma is not a biodiversity hotspot
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Western Ghats and Sri Lanka are rich in rain forests
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One horned rhinoceros is found in Eastern Himalayan hotspot
Indo-Burma is a biodiversity hotspot. Ecological hot spots are large areas of Earth's land surface which have high concentrations of plant endemism and also experience high rates of habitat loss. In India, 4 ecological hot spots are presently identified. The Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland constitute the 4 biodiversity hotspots in our country. One of the major features of these places is the presence of numerous endemic species.
Alexander Von Humboldt described for the first time?
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Ecological Biodiversity
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Laws of limiting factor
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Species area relationships
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Population Growth equation
In agroecosystems, biodiversity performs a variety of ecological services beyond the production of food, including recycling of nutrients, regulation of microclimate and local hydrological processes, suppressions of undesirable organisms and detoxification of noxious chemicals.
Biodiversity
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Increases towards the equator
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Decreases towards the equator
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Remains same throughout the planet
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Has no effect on change in latitude
Variety of life forms, expressed as a number of species in an area, known as
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Biodiversity
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Ecological Diversity
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Ecosystem
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All of Above
Large variety of flora and fauna on earth is known as:
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Biodiversity
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Diversity
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Biome
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Ecosystem
India's biodiversity is in jeopardy and major reason for this is
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Population explosion
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Habitat destruction
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Pollution and animal poaching
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All of the above
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. India is a mega diverse nation, housing around 10% of world's species. India also has a rich cultural heritage going back thousands of years. Much of Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultual practices of the land. Unfortunately, due to population explosion, climate change and implementation of environmental policies, several species are facing the threat of extinction. Not only does this affect the food chain, but also the livelihood and the culture of millions of Indians, who depend on local biodiversity. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that are correctly related to biodiversity
(a) Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area.
(b) Biodiversity refers to only the flora of a given area.
(c) Biodiversity is greater in a forest.
(d) Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in an area.
Which of the above statements are correct?
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(a) and (b)
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(b) and (d)
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(a) and (c)
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(b) and (c)
Biodiversity of any given geographical region represents
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The diversity in the organisms living in that region.
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The diversity in the organisms living in that region and regions nearby it.
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Endangered species found in the region.
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Genetic diversity present in the dominant species of the region.
Biodiversity is the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species in their natural environments, which is the aim of conservationists concerned about the indiscriminate destruction of rainforests and other habitats. Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet.
The total number of species of plants, animals and microorganisms living on the Earth is called as
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Biodiversity
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Flora
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Fauna
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Ecosystem
Biodiversity is the term given to the variety of life on Earth. It is the variety within and between all species of plants, animals and micro-organisms and the ecosystems within which they live and interact. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
The term alpha diversity refers to
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Genetic diversity
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Community and ecosystem diversity
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Species diversity
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None of the above
Whittaker's idea was that the total species diversity in a landscape is the gamma diversity and is determined by two different things, the mean species diversity in sites or habitats at a more local scale is an alpha diversity and the differentiation among those habitats is the beta diversity.
Biodiversity-rich areas are the
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Hotspots
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Plants
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Animals
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None of the above
The variety of forms of life found in a region is called as
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Biodiversity
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Flora
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Fauna
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Endemic
Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Biodiversity boosts ecosystem productivity where each species, no matter how small, all have an important role to play.
Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that correctly describe the concept of biodiversity.
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Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area
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Biodiversity is greater in a forest
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Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in an area
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Both A and B
Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area. It is a term coined to describe the immense variety and richness of life on this planet. The word was coined in 1985 and during the 1990s has become very widely used in the scientific circles. So, the correct answer is option D.
Which of the following shows the maximum diversity?
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Algae
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Fungi
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Pteridophytes
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Bryophytes
The term biodiversity implies only to organisms living in/on
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Land
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Forest
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Water
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All of the above
The term biodiversity means all life forms present all over the world, it implies to all organisms whether they live on land and water. Thus the correct answer is option D.
The term alpha diversity refers to
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Genetic diversity
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Community and ecosystem diversity
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Species diversity
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Diversity among the plants
How does the level of biodiversity change as an individual moves from the north pole to the equator?
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The biodiversity increases and then decreases.
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The biodiversity decreases and then increases.
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The biodiversity increases.
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The biodiversity does not change significantly.
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The biodiversity rapidly decreases.
Biodiversity increases as one moves from North pole towards the equator. The North pole has an extremely cold climate that requires specialized adaptations for organisms to dwell, moreover resources are few.
Which is accepted by researchers as a level of biodiversity?
II. Genetic biodiversity
III. Ecosystem biodiversity
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I only
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II onIy
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I and II only
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II and III only
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I, II and III
- Researchers have accepted three levels of biodiversity, namely genetic biodiversity, species biodiversity, and ecosystem biodiversity. All three levels are interrelated.
- Genetic diversity includes variety at the level of genes. It is measured at various levels like population, species, community, and biome.
- Species diversity includes variety in the species. It is the easiest method of studying diversity. Each species has a particular role in the ecosystem.
- Ecosystem diversity includes diversity that deals with species distribution, community patterns, the role of key species and species interactions.
India became a party to convention on biological diversity in the year
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1994
-
1993
-
1992
-
1988
The Earth's Summit was held at Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in 1992. Earth summit at Rio, Brazil, promoted 'Convention on Biological Diversity' (CBD), which was signed by 152 nations. Its recommendations came into effect on 29$^{th}$ Dec, 1993. India became a party to this 'Convention on Biological Diversity' in May 1994.
Assertion : Alpha diversity is said to be higher if the dissimilarity between local pool species.
Reason : Alpha diversity is a measure of diversity between the communities in a local area.
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Both the Assertion and the Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion
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Both the Assertion and the Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
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The Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
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Both the Assertion and Reason are true.
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The Assertion is false but Reason is true.
A local pool species includes all the available species in a given area. The species diversity in a local community is called alpha diversity. It is said to be higher if there is a dissimilarity between local pool species. This diversity is influenced by the interaction between the biotic and abiotic factors. It also depends on immigration. Thus the correct answer is option D.
Assertion : Diversity observed in the entire geographical area is called as gamma diversity.
Reason : Biodiversity decreases from high altitude to low altitude.
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Both the Assertion and the Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
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Both the Assertion and the Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
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The Assertion is true but the Reason is false
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Both the Assertion and Reason are false.
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The Assertion is false but Reason is true.
Community and ecosystem diversity is of three types- alpha, beta and gamma.
Biodiversity is not uniform on the Earth. It varies with the change in latitude or altitude.
Reason for diversity in living beings is due to __________________.
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Short term evolutionary changes
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Long term evolutionary changes
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Mutations
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Gradual change
Convention on Biodiversity came into force on
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29 Dec, 1993
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6 June, 1992
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3 October, 1994
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4 October, 1993
The Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro, also known as the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), was held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. It resulted into the Convention on Biodiversity, a multilateral treaty, which entered into force on December 29, 1993. Three major goals were addressed in this convention which included: conservation of biodiversity; sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the genetic resources.
Diversity of habitats over the total geographical area is
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Alpha diversity
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Beta diversity
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Gamma diversity
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Delta diversity
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Omega diversity
A) The diversity of organisms sharing the same habitat is known as alpha diversity.
Percentage of angiosperms of all the threatened species is
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51%
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42%
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28%
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18%
IUCN is the authority on threatened species, and it treats threatened species as a group of three categories, depending on the degree relative to which they are threatened. Those categories are Vulnerable species; Endangered species and Critically endangered species. As per the Red list of 2000, there are 11,096 threatened species. The percentage of angiosperms of all the threatened species is 51%.
Maximum biodiversity is found in
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Tropical rain forests
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Temperate rain forests
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Mangrove vegetation
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Tundra
Given below are a few statements related to biodiversity. Pick those that correctly describe the concept of biodiversity.
(i) Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area.
(ii) Biodiversity refers to only the flora of a given area.
(iii) Biodiversity is greater in a forest.
(iv) Biodiversity refers to the total number of individuals of a particular species living in an area.
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(i) and (ii)
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(ii) and (iv)
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(i) and (iii)
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(ii) and (iii)
Biodiversity refers to the different species of flora and fauna present in an area. The forest has a wide variety of flora and fauna which flourishes widely in the given area and are a rich source of biodiversity. Biodiversity is not concerned with a particular species .
With reference to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, consider the following statements.
$1$. It aims to bring pollution, including from excess nutrients to levels that are not detrimental to ecosystem function and biodiversity.
$2$. It aims to control or eradicate invasive alien species on priority basis.
Which of the statement(s) given is/are correct?
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$1$ only
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$2$ only
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Both $1$ and $2$
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Neither $1$ nor $2$
- Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society.
- Strategic Goal B: Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use.
- Strategic Goal C: To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species, and genetic diversity.
- Strategic Goal D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services.
- Strategic Goal E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management, and capacity building.
Biodiversity of a geographical region represents
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endangered species found in the region
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the diversity in the organisms living in the region
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genetic diversity in the dominant species of the region
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All of these
Biodiversity of a geographical region represents the diversity in the organisms living in the region.
Biodiversity of a geographic region represents
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Genetic diversity present in the dominant species of the region
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Species evdemism to the region
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Endangered species found in the region
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Diversity in organisms living in the region
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability among living organism and the ecological complexes in which they occur. Biodiversity of a particular region replaces the diversity in organism living in that region all the flora fauna different species that are present in that particular region.
Which of the following will not affect the frequency of the gene in a large population?
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A) Environmental selective pressure
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B) selective immigration
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C) Random mating
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D) Non random mating
- Selective pressures drive natural selection.
- Some members of the population will not survive and reproduce and, thus, will not pass on their genes into the next generation. This change in the genetic makeup of a population is called evolution.
- Hence, Environmental selective pressure will not affect the frequency of the gene in a large population.
- So, the correct answer is 'Environmental selective pressure'.
Which one of the following pairs of geographical areas show maximum biodiversity in our country?
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Sunderbans and Rann of Kutch
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Eastern Ghats and West Bengal
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Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats
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Kerala and Punjab
The biodiversity is positively associated with
-
Diversity of ecosystems
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Genetic variation within species
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Species diversity within communities
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B and C only
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All of the above
Biodiversity represents the sum of the total of various life forms such as unicellular fungi, bacteria, protozoa and multicellular organisms such as plants, fishes and mammals at various biological levels including gene, habitats and ecosystem. Thus, the correct option is E.
Species biodiversity is a combination of which two factors?
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The number of different species and the number of ecosystems in which they are found
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The number of different species and the number of each of those different species in an area
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The number of different genes in an organism and the number of ecosystems in which a species is found
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The number of different species and the number of times a particular gene is found in the species
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The number of different genes in an organism and the number of each species found in an ecosystem.
'Vavilov mega diversity centre' is in
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Australia
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Siberia
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Andamans
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Tibet
Vavilov mega diversity center is in Australia. It was indicated by Dr. Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov. He stated that "plants were not domesticated somewhere in the world at random but there are regions where the domestication started". The center of origin is also considered the center of diversity.
Select the correct statement about biodiversity
-
large scale planting of Bt cotton has no adverse effect on biodiversity
-
conservation of biodiversity is a fad pursued by developed countries
-
desert areas of Rajasthan and Gujarat have a very high level of desert animal species as well as numerous rate animals
-
Western Ghats have a very high degree of species richness and endemism
Biodiversity means variations present in the species of the flora of an area.
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True
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False
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Nither
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Either