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The environment and us - class-XI

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Select the incorrectly matched pair.

  1. UNESCO = United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

  2. CITES = Convention in International Trade in Elite Species.

  3. IUCN = International Union of Conservation for Nature and Natural Resources.

  4. WWF = World Wilde Fund for Nature.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals.

So, the correct option is 'CITES = Convention in International Trade in Elite Species.'

Sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia hills of (i), Aravalli hills of (ii), Western Ghat religions of (iii).

  1. (i) - Meghalaya; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Karanataka and Maharashtra

  2. (i) - Meghalaya and Maharashtra; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Madhya Pradesh

  3. (i) - Madhya Pradesh; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Meghalaya

  4. (i) - Rajasthan; (ii) - Meghalaya; (iii) - Karanataka and Maharashtra


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(i) In Meghalaya sacred groves represent a long tradition of environmental conservation based on indigenous knowledge by the tribal communities. They are among the few least disturbed forest patches which are serving as the natural treasure house of biodiversity and a refuge for a large number of endemic, endangered and rare taxa. The general term for sacred groves in the Khasi Hills is 'Khlaw Kyntang' or 'Law Kyntang' or 'Law Lyngdoh' while in the Jaintia Hills it is called 'Khloo Blai'. The sacred groves in the Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills District are fundamentally based on the traditional religious belief of the tribals i.e., Khasis and Pnars, which is called Seng Khasi and Niam Tre respectively.

(ii) Sacred Groves are found from the western part of Rajasthan to the east of the Aravalli range. These groves are known under various names in Rajasthan as sacred groves (deora, malvan, deorai, rakhat bani, oran, etc.), sacred corridors (deo ghats), temple forests (mandir van) and sacred gardens (baugh). Brandis, as early as 1887, gave initial information on sacred groves of Aravallis. He wrote, 'though very few papers have been published on sacred groves, this does not mean that such areas do not abound in India'. 
(iii) Western Ghats also known as Sahyadri (Benevolent Mountains) is a mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula. Forest clearance was inevitable for farming and yet, there was an overwhelming belief in the sacredness of the woods.  They were important tracts of pre-colonial forest conservation in the Western Ghats. Myriad relics of such groves, exist even today all over the Western Ghats. They may be called Devrai in Maharashtra, Devarkadu in Kodagu and Kavu in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, these forests in pre-colonial landscape, served many functions like the conservation of biodiversity and watershed, moderation of climate and promoted varied wildlife.
So the correct option is ' (i) Meghalaya, (ii) Rajasthan (iii) Karnataka and Maharashtra'.

Which of these organisms are protected by people of 'Bishnoi' community of Rajasthan?

  1. Prosopis cineraria

  2. Black buck

  3. Bhojpatra

  4. Both (a) and (b)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • The Bishnois are a community in India living mostly in the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.

  • They are renowned for adapting to the harsh conditions of the Thar Desert. This is the example for showing that the biodiversity of Rajasthan’s arid desert can be preserved not by isolating people, but through their active participation.

  • Jambheshwar announced a set of 29 tenets. These were contained in a document called Shabadwani, written in the Nagari script, which consists of 120 shabads. 

  • Of his 29 tenets, ten are directed towards personal hygiene and maintaining good basic health, seven for healthy social behavior, and four tenets to the worship of God.

So the correct option is 'both (a) and (b)'.

What do you mean by wildlife conservation?

  1. Plant a rain garden

  2. Plant windbreaks

  3. Protection of wild plants and animal

  4. Plant buffer strips along stream banks


Correct Option: C

MAB stands for

  1. Man and biosphere programme

  2. Man, antibiotics and bacteria

  3. Man and biotic community

  4. Mayer, Anderson and Bishby


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

UNESCO MAB i.e., man and biosphere is an intergovernmental scientific program which was launched in order to improve the relation between people and their environment. It provides opportunities for education to improve human livelihood, it promotes the innovative approaches to economic development that are environmentally sustainable. It also includes the preservation of plants and animals under biosphere reserves with the help of human efforts. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Animals species should be preserved mainly because

  1. They are lovely creatures.

  2. They are useful to mankind.

  3. Man cannot recreate a species of animals if it be destroyed.

  4. Zoologists want to study them.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

There are many reasons to conserve biodiversity, but all equally important. They can be grouped into three categories: narrowly utilitarian (economic benefit), broadly utilitarian (importance in natural ecological balance), and ethical (moral reasons). 

All the animals are a part of biodiversity, hence need to be conserved. 
Man makes special efforts to conserve the animals which are likely to become extinct without special efforts of man. In fact man makes an effort to conserve biodiversity and animals are a part of biodiversity. 
Once a species becomes extinct the entire gene pool is lost for ever. This is also called as genetic erosion.

In ecology, the word conservation means

  1. Management and protection of natural resources

  2. Management and protection of plants

  3. Management and protection of animals

  4. Management and protection of endangered plants


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In ecology, the word conservation means management and protection of natural resources. Conservation ecology is concerned with the preservation and management of biodiversity and natural resources. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Management and protection of natural resources.'

Which of the following will help most in conservation of wildlife?

  1. Making stringent laws

  2. Making numerous zoos

  3. Making numerous sanctuaries

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. Private operations are limited in such areas. Thus, making numerous wildlife sanctuaries will be most helpful.

So, the correct answer is 'Making numerous sanctuaries'.

What is present expansion of WWF?

  1. World War Fund for Nature

  2. World Wide Forestry Fund

  3. World Wide Fund for Nature

  4. World Wild life Fund for Nature


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

WWF stands for The World Wide Fund for Nature. Founded back in 1961, it's an international non-governmental organization. Earlier it used to stand for World Wildlife Fund. It works in the field of wildlife preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.

So, the correct answer is 'World Wide Fund for Nature'.

Wildlife is

  1. All biota excluding man, domestic animals and cultivated crops

  2. All vertebrates of reserve forests

  3. All animals of reserve forests

  4. All animals and plants of reserve forests


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

All plants, fungi, and other organisms that grow or live in the wild in an area without being introduced by humans are included under wildlife. A great threat is being possessed to the wildlife due to their excessive habitat destruction. Man, domestic animals, and cultivated crops are not included in the wildlife. Different measures to save wildlife are being adopted.

So, the correct answer is 'All biota excluding man, domestic animals and cultivated crops'.

Which is not a wildlife conservation project?

  1. Project Indian Bastard

  2. Project Tiger

  3. Project Hangul

  4. Project Dodo


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Project Dodo does not exist, rest three are projects to conserve the respected species. The Dodo is an extinct flightless bird endemic to Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. It belonged to the subfamily Raphinae. In 1662, the last sighting of the dodo occurred. There's also a phrase saying "As dead as Dodo".

So, the correct answer is 'Project Dodo'.

The term wildlife was coined by

  1. Hornaday

  2. Augus

  3. Montreal Protocol

  4. Wiener


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

William Temple Hornaday, Sc.D.  was an American zoologist, conservationist, taxidermist, and author. He served as the first director of the New York Zoological Park, known today as the Bronx Zoo, and he was a pioneer and coined the term wildlife and played a key role in the conservation movement in the United States.

So the correct answer is 'Hornaday'.

Which state in India has richest flora and fauna?

  1. Punjab

  2. Haryana

  3. UP

  4. MP


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Madhya Pradesh, is endowed with rich and diverse forest resources. It is a reservoir of biodiversity. The forest area of the state constitutes 31% of the geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. Legally this area has been classified into reserve forest, protected forest and unclassified forest. One third of the state is forested and offers a unique and exciting panorama of wildlife. In the National parks of Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Shivpuri and many other, one has the rare opportunity to see the tiger, the bison and a wide variety of deer and antelope in sylvan surroundings.

Wildlife conservation and soil conservation are closely related.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Wildlife conservation, forest conservation and soil conservation are greatly related as wildlife depend on forests because forests are only home and shelter for them so wildlife would be conserved if forests conservation is done. If any animals die its humus helps the plant to grow because it gives so many minerals and many animals help in germination of seeds. Then forests would be conserved if wildlife conservation is done. Then plant's roots hold the soil and soil degradation is greatly reduced which is done due to forests conservation. And we know it takes million years to form soil. So wildlife conservation, soil conservation and forest conservation are closely related. Each of them are interdependent.
So, the correct answer is 'True'.

What is the main cause of extinction of wild life?

  1. Urbanisation

  2. Poaching

  3. Falling of trees

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Wildlife species may become totally extinct if no measures are taken to protect them. Some of reasons for extinction of wildlife are.

a) Destruction of their natural habitats by environmental pollution, deforestation, soil erosion, overgrazing, increased urbanization, forest fires, and developmental works.
b) Indiscriminate hunting
Example: Cheetah is extinct in India
c) Introduction of exotic species.
d) Overexploitation of natural resource.
e) Disturbance in migratory routes.
f) International trade in rare animals.
g) Lack of education.

Which of the following helps to preserve the biosphere for future generations?

  1. Make use of technology to develop new herbicides

  2. Put all wild animals in game preserves

  3. Explore ways to drain and fill wetlands along the seacoast

  4. Understand how living things interact with their environment

  5. Settle more people inland, away from the coasts


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The biosphere can be defined as a global ecological system that integrates all living beings and their relationships with other elements of the lithosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. To preserve the biosphere for future generations, one needs to understand the livings things present and how they interact with their environment and the extent to with they are interdependent.

So, the correct option is D.

How do national parks help in conservation of wildlife?

  1. They protect wildlife

  2. They avoid pollution

  3. They protect different ecosystems

  4. They protect all types of flora


Correct Option: C

How is increase of human population a threat to wildlife?

  1. More population results in increased use of food, water and fuel

  2. Results in more use of water

  3. Results in pollution

  4. Results in use of resource


Correct Option: A

All the organisms of the animal kingdom are termed as 

  1. Fauna

  2. Protozoans

  3. Flora

  4. Wild life


Correct Option: A

World Wildlife Week is observed in

  1. First week of October

  2. Last week of October

  3. Third week of October

  4. First week of September

  5. Last week of September


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wildlife Week is celebrated from October 2 to 8 annually in India. For the conservation and protection of the biodiversity, this initiative is given importance. In this week, seminars to bring the more difficult aspects of wildlife conservation are conducted. Biodiversity is also being conserved ex-situ and in-situ.

So, the correct answer is 'First week of October'.

Various forms of life should be conserved as they

  1. Will be lost otherwise

  2. Have economic values

  3. Contain diverse genetic resources

  4. Are important for maintaining balance of nature


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Biodiversity includes the enormous diversity of flora and fauna in the world. A great threat to it is now possessed by the increased rates of destructive activities. Various methods are being adopted by the authorities to conserve the species richness at various levels. If any species gets extinct, the gene pool of that species will be lost. So, the need for conservation of species is to conserve the different genetic resources.

So, the correct answer is 'Contain diverse genetic resources'.

Which one is non-existing programme?

  1. Project Tiger

  2. Project Cheetah

  3. Project Rhino

  4. Project Hungal


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched on 1 April 1973 by the Government of India.

B) Project Cheetah does not exist.
C) Project Rhino was launched on World Rhino Day, 22 September 2011.

D) Project Hangul is for the conservation of Kashmir Stag.
So, the correct answer is 'Project Cheetah'.

Which one of the following is not connected with wildlife conservation?

  1. IBWL

  2. WWF

  3. IUCN

  4. IVF


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A) IBWL stands for the Indian Board for Wild Life (IBWL).

B) WWF stands for the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).
C) IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature and natural resources.
D) IVF stands for In Vitro Fertilization.
So, the correct answer is 'IVF'.

Symbol of WWF is

  1. Giant Panda

  2. Rhododendron

  3. White Bear

  4. Red Panda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, which works for wilderness preservation and the reduction of destructive human impact on the environment. Also named as World Wildlife Fund, which is its official name in Canada and the United States till date. The logo has a symbol of the Giant Panda. The logo tries to focus the attention of people towards saving Giant Panda.

So, the correct answer is 'Giant Panda'.

Which of the following is not associated with wildlife protection?

  1. 'Project Tiger'

  2. 'Project Hungul'

  3. 'Project Great Indian Bustard'

  4. 'Project Kaiga'


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The 'Kaiga Generating Station' (KGS) is a nuclear power plant, located in the Karwar District of Karnataka state in India. Kaiga is now the third largest nuclear plant in India. So, it is not related with wildlife protection.

What is the animal symbol of WWF (World Wild Life Fund)?

  1. Dolphin

  2. Kangaroo

  3. Tiger

  4. Giant panda

  5. Great Indian bustard


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The 'World Wide Fund for Nature' (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded on April 29, 1961, and is working on issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. It was formerly named the 'World Wildlife Fund', which remains its official name in Canada and the united states. WWF's giant panda logo originated from a panda named 'Chi Chi' that had been transferred from Beijing zoo to London zoo in 1958, three years before WWF became established. 

Which of these programmes is used to conserve a species from extinction?

  1. Captive breeding

  2. Natural resources

  3. Sustainable use

  4. Edge effect


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Captive breeding is the process of maintaining plants or animals in controlled environments, such as wildlife reserves, zoos, botanic gardens, and other conservation facilities. It is sometimes employed to help species that are being threatened by human activities. The activities which pose threat include habitat loss, fragmentation, over-hunting or fishing, pollution, predation, disease, and parasitism. The objective of many captive populations is to hold similar levels of genetic diversity to what is found in wild populations.

So, the correct answer is 'Captive breeding'.

Which one is connected with management of zoo in India?

  1. IUCN

  2. SSC

  3. CZA

  4. WZCS


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A) IUCN stands for the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

B) SSC stands for The Species Survival Commission.
C) CZA stands for  The Central Zoo Authority, which manages the zoos in India.
D) WZCS stands for The World Zoo Conservation Strategy.
So, the correct answer is 'CZA'.

White lions are getting extinct and can be protected by

  1. Test cross

  2. Reciprocal cross

  3. Back cross

  4. Triple cross


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In a reciprocal cross, a male expressing the trait of interest will be crossed with a female not expressing the trait or vice versa. The method can be used for the protection of white lions from getting extinct as some white lions will be produced in the progeny. There are fewer than 12 White Lions in the wilds of their endemic habitat. The need for conserving white lions is extreme now.

So, the correct answer is 'Reciprocal cross'.

Which of the following pollution involves eutrophication?

  1. Water pollution

  2. Noise pollution

  3. Air pollution

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
 Eutrophication is when a water body is induced by unnecessary growth of algae. Eutrophication results in declining the quality of water and in reducing dissolved oxygen in water bodies. Eutrophication is divided into two types - natural and cultural. 
Example, addition of excessive fertilizers to the fields will lead to their accumulation into a nearby water body during run-offs
So, the correct answer is 'Water pollution'

The direct discharge of pollutants into water bodies leads to

  1. Water pollution

  2. Soil pollution

  3. Air pollution

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Water pollution is the mixing of contaminants to the water bodies (e.g., lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater) which changes the desired quality of water. Water pollution affects the entire biosphere, plants and organisms living in these bodies of water.

Water pollution causes damage to the

  1. Humans only

  2. Entire ecosystem

  3. Plants only

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Water pollution affects the entire biosphere, plants and organisms as all the life forms depend on water for their survival. In almost all cases, the effect is damaging not only to individual species and population but also to the natural biological communities. 

Wildlife sanctuary is a place where animals live in ............ habitat.

  1. Artificial

  2. Natural

  3. Aquatic

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Wildlife sanctuary is a place where animals live in a natural habitat. The place where animals live in artificial habitat is known as zoo. 

Restoring of the destroyed forests by planting new trees is known as

  1. House keeping

  2. Ecosystem

  3. Afforestation

  4. Deforestation


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Reforestation can be defined as the establishment of forest by planting trees in those areas where there is no previous forest cover. This can be done either naturally by means of natural seeding or we can go for artificial methods in which the trees are planted or seeding is done directly.

The Gir national park and wild sanctuary is located at 

  1. Madhya Pradesh

  2. Gujarat

  3. Rajasthan

  4. Tamil Nadu


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Gir national park and wildlife sanctuary are located at Gujarat. Kanha national park and Bandhavgarh national park is located in Madhya Pradesh. Sariska wildlife sanctuary and Ranthambore national park and wildlife sanctuary are located in Rajasthan. Mudumalai national park and wildlife sanctuary are located in Tamil Nadu. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

What is the effect of destruction of wildlife?

  1. Flood

  2. Soil erosion

  3. Green house effect

  4. Gene for disease resistance cannot be obtained


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Wildlife represents the uncultivated or undomesticated species. They have a wide gene pool. The cultivated plants and domesticated animals have a narrow gene pool because these organisms have been selected by man over a period of thousands of year. Further, the cultivated plants and domesticated animals grow in protected environments. The uncultivated plants and nondomesticated animals, on the other hand, grow in natural surroundings in conjunction with disease-causing organisms and depend on the naturally evolved defense mechanisms. These organisms have evolved disease resistance, mechanisms and are a rich source of disease resistance germplasm.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is true for national parks?

  1. Tourism is allowed in buffer zone.

  2. No human activity is allowed.

  3. Hunting allowed in core zone.

  4. Cattle grazing is allowed in buffer zone.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. Human activity like cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited.

There are 99 national parks in India, occupying 1.1 percent of the geographical area. The first national park of India was Jim Corbett national park, established in 1936 in Nainital district of Uttarakhand.

In a national park, protection is provided to

  1. Entire ecosystem

  2. Flora and fauna

  3. Fauna only

  4. Flora only


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Flora and fauna are provided immense protection in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

So, the correct answer is 'Flora and fauna'.

Animals and plants are best protected in 

  1. Botanical gardens

  2. Zoos

  3. National parks

  4. Sanctuaries


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Flora and fauna are provided immense protection in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

So, the correct answer is 'National parks'.

What is true of national park?

  1. Tourism is allowed in buffer zone

  2. No human activity is allowed

  3. Cattle grazing is allowed in buffer zone

  4. Hunting is allowed in core zone


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. No human activity is allowed in such areas. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. Only 5 were there in 1970.

So, the correct answer is 'No human activity is allowed'.

Which one of the following is an in situ method of biodiversity conservation?

  1. National Park

  2. Botanical garden

  3. Zoological garden

  4. Scientific laboratory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A) Ex-situ conservation is done by preserving the components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. It is done by conserving genetic resources, as well as wild and cultivated or species. Examples include gene banks, microbial cultures, scientific laboratories, cryopreservation, botanical gardens, zoos, etc.
B) In-situ conservation is done by conserving the species in their natural habitats. It is the best way of biodiversity conservation. Examples include sacred groves, sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves, etc.
So, the correct answer is 'National Park'.

The first marine sanctuary in India, having within its bounds coral reefs, mollusca, dolphins, tortoises and various kinds of sea birds, has been established in

  1. Gulf of Kutch

  2. Chilka Lake

  3. Sunderbans

  4. Lakshadweep


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Gulf of Kutch is the first marine sanctuary in India having bound with corals reefs, dolphins, tortoises, and sea birds . while Lakshwadeep is the first marine conservation reserve coming up. The Chilka lake being the first marine park India. The sunderban is the tiger reserve national park and not a marine national park.

hence the correct answer is ' A ' Gulf Of Kutch. 

Dachigam National Park in Srinagar is associated with the animal

  1. Hangul deer

  2. Rhino

  3. Musk deer

  4. Nilgiri tahr


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A. Dachigam National Park in Srinagar is associated with the animal Hangul or Kashmir Stag.

B. Kaziranga National Park is a national park in the Nagaon districts of the state of Assam. It as two- thirds of the Rhino.
C. Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary is in the state of Assam. It is also called as Kedarnath musk deer sanctuary.
D. Niligiri Tahr inhabit Eravikulam National Park in munnar.
 So, the correct answer is "Hangul".

When was "Indian Wildlife Protection Act" implemented?

  1. 1970

  2. 1972

  3. 1974

  4. 1976


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The wildlife protection act was implemented in 1972. It was implemented for the protection of plant and animal species. It extends to all the parts of India except Jammu and Kashmir which has its own regulatory bodies for wildlife protection. The act has VI schedules with the specific set of laws for different categories of offenses.

Which among the following ministry gives Medini Puraskar every year?

  1. Ministry of Culture

  2. Ministry of Environment and Forests

  3. Ministry of Law

  4. Ministry of Financ


Correct Option: B

Snow leopard is found in which National Park?

  1. Kaziranga

  2. The Great Himalayan

  3. Bharatpur

  4. Nagarhole


Correct Option: B

In a wildlife sanctuary, poaching of animals is 

  1. Prohibited

  2. Allowed

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wildlife sanctuary is an area where the flora and fauna are maintained within a prohibited zone in a natural environment in order to conserve them. Poaching of animals is strictly prohibited. Wild animals are not allowed to kill and sold for lucrative amounts of money.

Which of the following can be related to zoo and wildlife sanctuary?

  1. Zoo - animals are kept for public exhibition, Wildlife sanctuary - area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting.

  2. Zoo - area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting, Wildlife sanctuary - animals are kept for public exhibition.

  3. Zoo - artificial habitat, Wildlife sanctuary - conserves the natural habitat of animals.

  4. Both A and C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Zoo is the ex-situ conservation strategy in which animals are conserved in an artificial habitat and are kept for public exhibition.
Wildlife sanctuary is an area within which animals are protected from possible dangers such as hunting in their natural habitat. Hence, it protects the animals as well as conserves the natural habitats of the animals.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is not done in a wildlife sanctuary?

  1. Fauna is conserved

  2. Flora is conserved

  3. Soil and flora are utilized

  4. Hunting is prohibited


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • A wildlife sanctuary is a naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, that provides protection for wildlife species from hunting, predation, competition or poaching. 
  • A wildlife sanctuary is a place of refuge where abused, injured and abandoned captive wildlife may live in peace and dignity for the remainder of their lives. True wildlife sanctuaries do not breed or exploit for commercial activities. Fauna (animals) and flora (plants) are conserved.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Soil and flora are utilized'.

Plants and animals are best protected in

  1. Sanctuaries

  2. Botanical gardens

  3. Zoo

  4. National parks


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
National parks are large areas where the plant and animals are conserved in their own habitat. As they are conserved in their own habitat, they are best protected in the national parks.
Sanctuary - a wildlife reservation where animals or birds are conserved.
Botanical garden - an establishment where plants are grown for scientific study and display to the public.
Zoo - an establishment which maintains a collection of wild animals in the artificial habitat.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

A National Park provides protection to

  1. Flora only

  2. Fauna only

  3. Flora and fauna

  4. Entire ecosystem


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A National Park provides protection to the entire ecosystem.

A national park is a park in use for conservation of plant and animal in their own habitat. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The Ranthambore National Park is located in

  1. Maharashtra

  2. Uttar Pradesh

  3. Gujarat

  4. Rajasthan


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Ranthambore national park which is famous for tiger sightings is located at the junction of the Aravalli and Vindhya hill range in Sawai Madhopur district of Rajasthan state.

So, the correct answer is option D.

What is Overa?

  1. National park

  2. Wild life sanctuary

  3. Biosphere reserve

  4. Bird sanctuary


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Overa is a wildlife sanctuary near to Pahalgam district in Jammu and Kashmir. Wildlife sanctuary can be defined as the protected area where the species can be protected from hunting, competition, predation etc. The characteristic features of Overa are lush green hills, beautiful mountains and deep valleys. It is the place where endangered species are found which are on the verge of extinction. It is the home of a variety of flora and fauna. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

WWF works in the field of

  1. Wildlife conservation

  2. Child labour

  3. Forest conservation

  4. Water conservation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

World Wildlife Fund is shortly known as WWF. The association is the largest project in the country for the conservation of the wildlife and the natural habitats. It was initially set up as a trust and later on, developed as a fund association. There are many projects which have started for the conservation and protection of the wild animals.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

What is true for national park?

  1. Tourism is allowed in buffer zone.

  2. No human activity is allowed.

  3. Cattle grazing is allowed in buffer zone.

  4. Hunting is allowed in core zone.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In national park, the plants and animals are conserved in their own habitat, exploitation of natural resources, development of dams, activities such as sport, fishing are prohibited. No human activity or settlement is allowed.

Which one is the 1$^{st}$ national park in India?

  1. Kanha National Park

  2. Jim Corbett National Park

  3. Kaziranga National Park

  4. Satpura National Park


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest park in India established in 1936 to protect the Bengal tigers as Hailey National Park. It is located in northern India's Uttarakhand state. It is the home to a variety of flora and fauna. It is famous for its Bengal tigers. Animals which are found here are tigers, leopards, wild elephants etc.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Most probable cause of depleting tiger population in Sariska is

  1. Diseases

  2. Malnutrition

  3. Poaching

  4. Habitat destruction


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Poaching is the process of illegal hunting, killing or capturing of wild animals for various purposes. The Sariska Tiger Reserve which was known for a good number of tigers has been reported for depleting tiger population because of the practice of poaching.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Wild life is affected to maximum when

  1. Protection and care is less

  2. Hunting and poaching is carried out

  3. Natural calamities occur

  4. Natural habitat is destroyed


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Wild animals can survive and grow best when they are in their natural habitats. So, the destruction of their natural habitats affect them adversely and their development is impaired.

So, option D is the correct answer.

Choose the incorrect pair.

  1. Kaziranga National park - One horned Rhinoceros

  2. Nandankanan biological Park - Captive breeding of white tiger

  3. Dachigam sanctuary - Kashmir stage

  4. Rann of Kutch - Shola forest


Correct Option: D

Wildlife sanctuaries are places where ............  is allowed.

  1. Rearing of animals

  2. Breeding of animals

  3. Killing of animals

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Wildlife sanctuaries are meant for protection of animals. Here, they are provided suitable living conditions and killing and capturing are prohibited in wild life sanctuaries. Breeding of animals is allowed.

Which of the following is the first reserve forest of India?

  1. Redwood National Park

  2. Satpura National Park

  3. Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Satpura National is the first reserve forest of India. Redwood National park is in California and Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is in Costa Rica.

Which of the following things are found in Satpura national park?

  1. Indian teak

  2. Rock shelters

  3. Rock paintings

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Satpura national park is the first reserve forest of India. The finest teak rock shelters and paintings are found in Satpura national park. Rock shelters provide the prehistoric evidences of human life in the jungles. Various rock paintings depicting the figures of animals and men fighting, hunting, dancing and playing musical instruments are found in Satpura national park. Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Only .......... and fauna are preserved in national parks.

  1. Grasses

  2. Gene flow

  3. Flora

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The national parks not only preserve the flora and fauna, but they preserve the whole set of the ecosystem which includes both living as well as non-living things. National park preserves flora, fauna, landscape and historical objects of an area.

Which of the following provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals?

  1. Reserve forests

  2. Wildlife sanctuaries

  3. National park

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Reserve forests are the protected forest areas where all activities like hunting and grazing are banned by law. National parks are large and diverse reserves. They preserve flora, fauna, landscape and historic objects of an area. Wildlife sanctuaries are areas where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Corbett national park is famous for

  1. Neel Gai

  2. Snakes

  3. Rhinoceros

  4. Tigers


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Jim Corbett National Park lies in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand. This area is rich in tigers. It is the place where Project Tiger was first launched in 1973 to protect this most endangered species. Thus the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is the animal symbol of WWF (World Wildlife Fund)?

  1. Panda

  2. Whale

  3. Lion

  4. Tiger


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The inspiration for the WWF logo came from Chi-Chi, a giant panda that was living at the London zoo in 1961, the same year WWF was created. WWF's founders were aware of the need for a strong, recognizable symbol that would overcome all language barriers.

When is the world wildlife week celebrated?

  1. First week of September

  2. Last week of September

  3. First week of October

  4. Last week of October


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Wildlife week is celebrated all over the country in the month of October from 2$^{nd}$ to 8$^{th}$ every year with the view to preserve the fauna, i.e., the animal life of the India.

What is a National Park?

  1. An area strictly reserved for improvement of wild life

  2. An area where grazing and cultivation are permitted

  3. A park where the whole nation can have picnics

  4. A park which can be privately owned


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. This is a restricted area where the animals are protected and taken care of. Cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited. 

Thus, te correct answer is option A. 

Which of the following is preserved in National park?

  1. Flora

  2. Fauna

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

National parks are maintained by the government and are reserved areas for the betterment of wildlife. Cultivation, grazing, forestry and habitat manipulation are prohibited. Wildlife can be protected by the maintenance of natural balance. Both, flora and fauna are preserved in National parks. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following is not done in a wild life sanctuary?

  1. Fauna is conserved.

  2. Flora is conserved.

  3. Soil and flora are utilized.

  4. Hunting is prohibited.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A wild life sanctuary is a facility where animals are brought to live and be protected for the rest of their lives.

Wild life sanctuaries are the place to protect species from hunting, predation etc., in their natural environment. Wild animals cannot survive if flora is destructed. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

If the number of a species increases in any national park, it can be due to

  1. Intraspecific competition

  2. Interspecific competition

  3. Emigration

  4. Mutation


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
If the number of a species increases in any national park, it can be due to interspecific competition.
Interspecific competition, in ecology, is a form of competition in which individuals of different species compete for the same resource in an ecosystem (e.g. food or living space). 

Assertion : National parks are meant for the welfare of the wild life.

Reason : National parks are controlled by state governments.

  1. If both the Assertion and the Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

  2. Both the Assertion and the Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

  3. The Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

  4. Both the Assertion and the Reason are false.

  5. The Assertion is false but the Reason is true.


Correct Option: C

Which of the following is not done in a wildlife sanctuary?

  1. Conservation of fauna

  2. Conservation of flora

  3. Prohibition of hunting

  4. Exploitation of soil and flora


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. 515 wildlife sanctuaries are present in India currently. Conservation of flora and fauna along with the prohibition of hunting is done here.

So, the correct answer is 'Exploitation of soil and flora'.

Siberian Crane is a regular visitor of bird sanctuary

  1. Ranganathittoo (Karnataka)

  2. Bharatpur (Rajasthan)

  3. Vedanthgol (T.N.)

  4. Lalbagh (Karnataka)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Keoladeo national park formerly known as the Bharatpur national park is situated in Bharatpur, Rajasthan. In winters, Siberian cranes are regular visitors of this park. Over 230 species of birds are known to be resident. It is a major center of tourist attraction.

So, the correct answer is 'Bharatpur (Rajasthan)'.

Limited private operations are allowed in

  1. Zoos

  2. Botanical gardens

  3. National Parks

  4. Sanctuaries


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Being a protected area, it is a geographic territory within which wildlife is protected. Private operations are limited in such areas.

So, the correct answer is 'Sanctuaries'.

Establishment of National Parks and sanctuaries is a strategy for

  1. Conservation of wildlife

  2. Studying wildlife biology

  3. Creating awareness about wildlife

  4. Preventing wild animals entering villages


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A naturally occurring sanctuary, such as an island, which protects species from getting hunted, predated or poached is called as a wildlife refuge. It is also known as a wildlife sanctuary. Whereas, a park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. These are methods of in-situ biodiversity conservation. In-situ conservation of biodiversity is done by conserving the species in their natural habitats. It is the best way of biodiversity conservation. 

So, the correct answer is 'Conservation of wildlife'.

Management of National Park is controlled by

  1. State Government

  2. Central Government

  3. United Nations

  4. Non-government Organisation


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A park in use for conservation purposes is known as a National park. It is basically a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. The management of such parks is controlled by the central government. Currently, in India, we have 166 national parks. 

So, the correct answer is 'Central Government'.

Match List-I(Wildlife sanctuary) with List-II(State) and select the correct answer using the codes given the lists.

List-I List-II
a. Bandipur wildlife sanctuary $1$. Arunachal Pradesh
b. Buxa wildlife sanctuary $2$. Karnataka
c. Namdapha wildlife sanctuary $3$. Madhya Pradesh
$4$. West Bengal
  1. A-$2$, B-$3$, C-$1$

  2. A-$2$, B-$4$, C-$1$

  3. A-$1$, B-$3$, C-$2$

  4. A-$1$, B-$4$, C-$2$


Correct Option: A

Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following National Park ?

  1. Jim Corbett

  2. Ranthambhor

  3. Sunderbans

  4. Gir


Correct Option: D

Parambikkulam wildlife sanctuary is located in which among the following states?

  1. Kerala

  2. Karnataka

  3. Tamil Nadu

  4. Andhra Pradesh


Correct Option: A

Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?

  1. Uttar Pradesh

  2. Punjab

  3. Haryana

  4. Uttarakhand


Correct Option: C

Kuno Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which among the following states?

  1. Maharastra

  2. Madhya Pradesh

  3. Orissa

  4. Rajasthan


Correct Option: B

Biligiriranga Temple Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which state?

  1. Tamil Nadu

  2. Karnataka

  3. West Bengal

  4. Kerala


Correct Option: B

Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary which is home to only ape in India, the hoolock gibbon is lcoated in which of the following state?

  1. West Bengal

  2. Nagaland

  3. Assam

  4. Karnataka


Correct Option: C

Largest National park in North East India is located at?

  1. Assam

  2. Mizoram

  3. Arunachal Pradesh

  4. Nagaland


Correct Option: C

Which of the following National Park is called "Topslip"?

  1. Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park

  2. Mudumalai National Park

  3. Mukurthi National Park

  4. Palani Hills National Park


Correct Option: A

The name of Billy Arjan Singh is most closely associated with which among the following National Parks of India?

  1. Jim Corbett National Park

  2. Dudhwa National Park

  3. Panna National Park

  4. Rajaji National Park


Correct Option: B

Which of these are positive influences of human beings on the ecosystem? 
A. Declaring areas as wildlife sanctuaries.
B. Increasing biodegradable packing materials that can be recycled.
C. Removing pollutants from toxic industrial smoke.
D. Using the natural resources extensively.

  1. A and B

  2. B and C

  3. A, B and C

  4. B, C and D


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adopting environment-friendly lifestyle like using of biodegradable packing material, removing toxic pollutants, protecting forests and wildlife, using natural resources sustainably not extensively etc., are the positive influences of human beings on the ecosystem. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following features is correct for a wildlife sanctuary?

  1. It is an artificially created protected area for animals.

  2. It is a protected area for threatened and endangered wild animals.

  3. Capturing and poaching of animals is strictly prohibited here.

  4. Both B and C.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Wildlife sanctuary is a naturally occurring sanctuary or a geographic territory within which the wildlife is protected. It provides protection to the threatened or endangered wild animals. This is because capturing and poaching are strictly prohibited in such areas. Hence, the correct answer is the option D.

Which one of the following is a normal species?

  1. Asiatic cheetah

  2. Asiatic buffalo

  3. Desert fox

  4. Rodent


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Rodents (from Latin Rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents (2,277 species); they are found in vast numbers on all continents except Antarctica.

Which is preserved in National Park

  1. Flora

  2. Fauna

  3. Both (a) and (b)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
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