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Formation of image in a plane mirror - class-X

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A plane mirror:
(i) can form real image of a real object
(ii) neither converges not diverges the rays
(iii) cannot form real image of a real object
Choose the correct option or options.

  1. (i) is correct

  2. (i) and (ii) are correct

  3. (ii) and (iii) are correct

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Plane mirrors always produce virtual images, because they never focus light into a single converging point.
  • Hence it does not produce real object or image
  • As power of the plane mirror is zero, hence, it neither converges nor diverges the rays.
  • Hence the option C is the right answer

An object is kept at $60$cm in front of a plane mirror. If the mirror is now moved $25$cm away from the object, how is the image shifted from its previous position?

  1. $25$ cm away

  2. $25$ cm towards

  3. $50$ cm away

  4. $50$ cm towards


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In this case, the mirror is moved 25 cm away from its initial position. Therefore, if the mirror is moved with distance x, then image in the mirror will move by distance 2x.
That is, 2x=50 cm.
So, the image will shift by 50 cm away from its previous position.

In our houses, we use a _____________ to look at ourselves.

  1. Convex mirror

  2. Concave mirror

  3. Convex lens

  4. Plane mirror


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In plane mirrors the image formed is of the same size.

Image formed by a plane mirror is 

  1. virtual, behind the mirror and enlarged

  2. virtual, behind the mirror and of the same size as the object

  3. real at the surface of the mirror and enlarged

  4. real, behind the mirror and of the same size as the object.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Answer is B.

The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual (meaning that the light rays do not actually come from the image), upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting. A virtual image is a copy of an object formed at the location from which the light rays appear to come.
To summarize, the image formed by plane mirrors are,
1. Virtual 
2. Behind the mirror 
3. Erect (means not inverted) 
4. Same size as the object 
5. At same distance from the mirror as the object is from the mirror.

What type of image is formed by a plane mirror ?

  1. Upright

  2. Magnified

  3. inverted

  4. all of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Images formed by plane mirrors are virtual, upright, left-right reversed, the same distance from the mirror as the object's distance, and the same size as the object.

A virtual image is always erect. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An image, such as that seen in a mirror, in which the rays of light appear to be emanating from some object that is not there is called a virtual image. Virtual images are always erect. They, also, may be either larger or smaller than the object.
Hence, the statement is true.

During normal incidence of light:

  1. angle of incidence is $90^0$

  2. angle of incidence is $0^0$

  3. sum of angle of incidence and angle of reflection is $90^0$

  4. angle of incidence is greater than angle of reflection


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Angle of incidence and the angle of reflection measured from the normal drawn on the point of incidence.

During normal incidence the light is incident along the normal on the point of incidence.
So, angle of incidence is $0^0$.

An object is placed 15 cm from a diverging mirror, of radius of curvature 20 em. What is the image magnification produced?

  1. +0.4

  2. -0.4

  3. +2

  4. -2


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Answer is D.

For a spherically curved mirror in air, the magnitude of the focal length is equal to the radius of curvature of the mirror divided by two. The focal length is positive for a concave mirror.
Therefore, the focal length of the mirror is 20 cm / 2 = 10 cm.
The mirror equation expresses the quantitative relationship between the object distance (do), the image distance (di), and the focal length (f). The equation is stated as follows:
1/f = 1/do + 1/di
So, 1/di = 1/f - 1/do = 1/10 - 1/15
Therefore, di = 30 cm.
The magnification equation relates the ratio of the image distance and object distance to the ratio of the image height (hi) and object height (ho). The magnification equation is stated as follows:
M = hi / ho = -(di / do) = -(30 / 15) = -2.
Hence, the image magnification produced is -2.

A person looks into the mirror by placing it close to his face. The image of his face was erect, laterally inverted and of the same size. Then, the mirror must be :

  1. plane

  2. concave

  3. convex

  4. plane or concave


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The nature of the image formed by a plane mirror is virtual, erect, of the same size and also laterally inverted

The nature of the image formed by a plane mirror is :

  1. virtual and erect

  2. of the same size as the object

  3. laterally inverted

  4. all the above are correct


Correct Option: D

The sideways reversal of the image by plane mirror is called

  1. lateral inversion

  2. parallex

  3. optical illusion

  4. none of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lateral inversion is the side ways reversal of the image's left and right when compared that of object.Lateral inversion is observed in images formed by plane mirror 

In case of plane mirror, the size of the image is equal to the size of the object, irrespective of the distance of the object from the mirror.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Magnification of a plane mirror is unity irrespective of distance of object from the mirror.

The image of a real object in a plane mirror is always:

  1. Virtual

  2. Erect

  3. Laterally inverted with respect to the object

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It should be remembered that `plane mirror always form virtual, errect and laterally inverted image.

The image formed by a plane mirror is generally inverted. State whether true or false.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and erect

Which of these are characteristics of an image formed by a plane mirror?

  1. The image is virtual

  2. The image is erect

  3. The image formed is of the same size as that of 
    the object

  4. The image is laterally inverted


Correct Option: A,B,C,D
Explanation:

Image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual, errect, laterally inverted (sideways inverted) with unit magnification.

Image formed by a plane mirror is:

  1. of same size as that of object

  2. at the same distance behind the mirror as the object in front

  3. erect

  4. real in nature


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

The image formed by a plane mirror is erect and virtual in nature and of same size as that of the object. The distance of image from the mirror, behind the mirror, is same as the distance of the object from the mirror, in front of the mirror.

For a single object, how many images are formed by a single plane mirror?

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A single plane mirror can form only a single image for a single object.

No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image always appears erect. The mirror is likely to be:

  1. Plane

  2. Concave

  3. Both A and B

  4. None


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$ \bf{Plane\ Mirrors} $ always produce a virtual and erect image having the same size as that of the object irrespective of the position of object.

$ \bf{Concave\ mirrors} $ produce real and virtual, erect and inverted, diminished, same-sized and magnified image depending upon the position of the object on the principal axis.  
But the concave mirror forms a virtual, erect and enlarged image only when the object is placed between the Focus and the pole of the mirror.


Hence, the correct answer is OPTION A.

Image formed by a plane mirror is

  1. Erect, virtual, same size as the object

  2. Inverted, real, smaller size as the object

  3. Erect, real, same size as the object

  4. Inverted, virtual, smaller size as the object


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$ \bf{Plane\ Mirrors} $ always produce a $ \bf{virtual} $ and $ \bf{erect} $ image having the $ \bf{same\ size\ as\ that\ of\ the\ object} $ irrespective of the position of object on the principal axis.


Hence, the correct answer is OPTION A.

Image is formed at that point where

  1. At least two rays of light meet

  2. Where three rays of light meet

  3. Where two rays of light appear to meet

  4. B and C


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Real image is formed at a point where light rays actually meet where virtual image is formed at a point where rays of light appears to meet.

Image of an object is seen in a plane mirror, the distance from the mirror to the image depends on

  1. The wavelength of light

  2. The distance of the object from the mirror

  3. The distance of both the observer and the object to the mirror

  4. The thickness of the mirror


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Images in a plane mirror are formed as far behind the mirror as the object in front of it. 
Thus, the distance of the image of an object from the mirror is equal to the distance of the object from the mirror. 

Hence, the correct answer is OPTION B.

If the object is shifted by a distance towards the mirror, the image will shift by _______ towards the mirror. Fill in the blank.
  1. double the distance

  2. same distance

  3. half the distance

  4. all


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is obvious that if the object is shifted by a distance $d$ towards the mirror, the image will also shift the same distance $d$ towards the mirror i.e., the separation between the object and the image will decrease by $2d$.

The silvering on the back surface of a mirror can be done by:

  1. Silver

  2. Mercury

  3. both

  4. none


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A plane mirror is made from a few mm thick glass plate. One surface of glass plate is polished to a high degree of smoothness. This forms the front part of the mirror. And the other (back) surface is silvered (i.e painted with silver, mercury or some other material).

Which of the following is/are type(s) of reflection?

  1. Regular reflection

  2. Irregular reflection

  3. Both

  4. None


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

There are two kinds of reflection

I) Regular reflection

ii) Irregular reflection.

Distance between an object and plane mirror is 100cm. Find the distance between the object and its image.

  1. $50 cm$

  2. $100 cm$

  3. $200 cm$

  4. $300 cm$

  5. $400 cm$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

For plane mirror, the distance between object and mirror $=$ distance between image and mirror $=100$ (given)

Thus, distance between the object and image $=100+100=200 cm$ 

What will be the condition of image when you stand in front of a plane flat mirror and look at yourself and you raise your right hand?

  1. Erect and enlarged

  2. Erect and reduced

  3. Erect and reversed

  4. Inverted and reversed

  5. Inverted and reduced


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The image formed will be an erect image of same height as that of the person (object) but laterally reversed  i.e his right hand will appear to be his left hand of his mirror image and vice-verse.

Thus option C is correct.

A candle is placed in front of an optical instrument, and an image is obtained as erect, virtual, and reversed from left to right. Identify the device that would produce the types of images described above.

  1. Concave mirror

  2. Convex mirror

  3. Concave lens

  4. Convex lens

  5. Flat mirror


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

The image formed by concave mirror can be real or virtual and inverted as well.
The image formed by the convex mirror will be virtual, erect but smaller in  size than the object.
The image formed by convex lens can be inverted.
Plane mirrors are the only mirrors for which the image will always be virtual, erect and of the same size as the object. The image produced is also laterally inverted.

When the distance between the object and the plane mirror increases.

  1. The image remains same

  2. The size of the image will become less than the size of the object

  3. The distance between the image and the plane mirror increases

  4. The distance between the image and the plane mirror decreases


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Since image formed by a plane mirror is at a same distance as that of object distance increases then image distance will also increase.

Which of the following forms a virtual and erect image of same size for all positions of the object?

  1. Convex lens

  2. Plane mirror

  3. Convex mirror

  4. Concave mirror


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plane mirror and convex mirror will always form virtual and erect images for all position. Convex mirror forms diminished image.

Which of the following is a valid point in differentiating between an Image and an Object ?

  1. Image is the point of intersection of reflected/refracted rays while Object is the point of intersection of incident rays

  2. Object is the point of intersection of reflected/refracted rays while Image is the point of intersection of incident rays

  3. Image is the point of intersection of reflected rays while Object is the point of intersection of refracted rays

  4. Image is the point of intersection of refracted rays while Object is the point of intersection of reflected rays


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Object is defined as point of intersection of incident rays. Image is defined as point of intersection of reflected rays (in case of reflection) or refracted rays( in case of refraction).

In optics, what is an image ?

  1. The reproduction of an object formed on the screen

  2. The apparent reproduction of an object, formed by a lens or mirror system from reflected, refracted, or diffracted light waves

  3. The reproduction of an object which cannot be captured on the screen

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Optical image, the apparent reproduction of an object, formed by a lens or mirror system from reflected, refracted, or diffracted light waves.

Which of the following image can be obtained on screen ?

  1. Image formed by Plane mirror

  2. Image formed by Concave mirror

  3. Image formed by Convex mirror

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
$ \bf{Convex\ mirrors} $ and $ \bf{Plane\ Mirrors} $ always produce  virtual images 

$ \bf{Concave\ mirrors} $ produce both, real and virtual images. 

Only Real Images can be obtained on the screen. Thus, images formed by Concave mirror can be obtained on a screen.

Hence, the correct answer is OPTION B. 

Virtual Image can be formed using which of the following mirrors ?

  1. Concave Mirror

  2. Convex Mirror

  3. Plane Mirror

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
$ \bf{Convex\ mirrors} $ always produce a virtual, erect and diminished image and the decrease in size of image depends on the position of the object in front of the mirror.

$ \bf{Plane\ Mirrors} $ always produce a virtual and erect image having the same size as that of the object irrespective of the position of object.

$ \bf{Concave\ mirrors} $ produce real and virtual, erect and inverted, diminished, same-sized and magnified image depending upon the position of the object on the principal axis. The concave mirror forms a virtual and erect image only when the object is placed between the Focus and the pole of the mirror.

Thus, a virtual image can be formed by all the three mirrors.

Hence, the correct answer is OPTION D.

Which of the following is not a valid difference between Real and Virtual image ? 

  1. A real image can be caught on a screen whereas a virtual image cannot be caught on a screen

  2. A real image is formed by the actual intersection of light rays whereas a virtual image is formed by the imaginary intersection of light rays.

  3. A real image is always erect whereas a virtual image is always inverted.

  4. A real image is formed when the rays of light after reflection or refraction actually meet at some point whereas a virtual image is formed when the rays of light after reflection or refraction appear to meet at a point.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

1) A real image is always inverted whereas a virtual image is always erect. 

2) A real image is formed when the rays of light after reflection or refraction actually meet at some point whereas a virtual image is formed when the rays of light after reflection or refraction appear to meet at a point.
3) Real images can be projected or seen on a screen. Virtual images cannot be seen or projected on a screen.

A plane mirror gives a real image when the incident beam is:

  1. Wide

  2. Narrow

  3. Convergent

  4. Divergent


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A plane mirror can produce a real image if and only if the incident rays are convergent in nature.

Nature of the image formed by a plane mirror is :

  1. virtual and erect

  2. of the same size as the object

  3. laterally inverted

  4. all of these


Correct Option: D

........ image cannot be caught on a screen.

  1. real

  2. inverted

  3. virtual

  4. erect


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Virtual image cannot be caught on a screen.

A man stands 2 m infront of a plane mirror. The mirror is moved 1 m towards the man while the man moves 50 cm away from the mirror. What is the distance between the images of the man?

  1. $1 m$

  2. $0.5 m$

  3. $2 m$

  4. $3 m$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Initial object distance $= 2m$
Final object distance
$=2 m-1 m+0.5 m$
$=2.5 m$
The distance between the images of the man is 0.5 m.

Two plane mirrors are inclined to each other at an angle $\theta$. A ray of light is reflected first at one mirror and then at the other. The total deviation of the ray is

  1. $2\ \theta$

  2. $240^{\circ}-\ 2 \theta$

  3. $360^{\circ}-\ 2\ \theta$

  4. $180^{\circ}-\ \theta$


Correct Option: A

The diameter of the sun subtends an angle of $ 0.5^0 $ at the surface of the earth. A converging lens of focal length 100 cm is used to provide an image of the sun on to a screen.the diameter ( in mm) of the image formed is nearly 

  1. 1

  2. 3

  3. 5

  4. 9


Correct Option: B

In case of image formation by plane mirrors:
(i) object can be real and image virtual
(ii) object can be virtual and image real
(iii) both object and image can be real
(iv) both object and image can be virtual

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (i), (ii) and (iv)

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (iii) and (iv)


Correct Option: A

If a plane mirror is fixed and the incident ray is turned by an angle $30$ clockwise direction then 

  1. the reflected ray will turn by $60$ in anti clock wise direction

  2. the reflected ray will turn by $30$ in anti clock wise direction

  3. the change in deviation produced for the reflected ray will be $30$ in anti clock wise direction

  4. the change in deviation produced for the reflected ray will be $60$ in anti clock wise direction


Correct Option: A

If two plane mirrors be kept at an angle of $ 120^{0}  $ to each other, the number of images of a  object, kept between the two mirror is 

  1. $2$

  2. $3$

  3. $4$

  4. $5$


Correct Option: A

Why is it difficult to read the image of the text of a page formed due to reflection by plane mirror?

  1. Due to lateral inversion

  2. It is virtual

  3. Due to reflection

  4. No difficulty


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In a plane mirror, each point on the image is as far behind the mirror plane as the corresponding point on the object is in front.  So, the image of an object is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the mirror. Therefore, the concept is called as Lateral inversion. It is the apparent reversal of left and right that we often see in a plane mirror image. Due to this lateral inversion, it is difficult to read the image of a text page formed due to reflection by a plane mirror.

An insect is sitting in front of a plane mirror at a distance $1$$\  m $ from it.

(a) Where is the image of the insect formed?
(b) What is the distance between the insect and its image?

  1. $(a)$ $2$ $m$ behind the mirror $(b)$ $1$$m$

  2. $(a)$ $2$$m$ infront of the mirror $(b)$ $1$$m$

  3. $(a)$ $1$$m$ infront of the mirror $(b)$ $2$$m$

  4. $(a)$ $1$$m$ behind the mirror $(b)$ $2$$m$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

For plane mirrors, the object distance (do) is equal to the image distance (di). That is, the image is the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror. If we stand a distance of 2 meters from a plane mirror, we must focus at a location 2 meters behind the mirror in order to view our image.
In this case, an insect is sitting in front of a plane mirror at a distance $1$$m$ from it.
Case (a):
As the object distance and image distance are equal, the image is formed at a distance of 1 m behind the mirror.
Case (b):
The image distance is 1 m and the object distance is 1 m. Hence, the total distance between the insect and its image is 2 m.

In a plane mirror, the image is as far behind the mirror as the object is in front of it. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The distance of image from the mirror is distance of image formed behind the plane mirror.

The given statement is $true$

State whether the following statement is True or False?
The size of the image produced by plane mirror is the same as that of the objects. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual (meaning that the light rays do not actually come from the image), upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting. A virtual image is a copy of an object formed at the location from which the light rays appear to come.
Hence, the statement is true.

Choose the incorrect statement related to the image formed by a plane mirror:

  1. a plane mirror always forms a virtual image

  2. the image formed by a plane mirror may be magnified or diminished

  3. the image formed by a plane mirror is always unmagnified and laterally inverted

  4. the image formed by a plane mirror is always unmagnified and erect


Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

As the image formed by a plane mirror is always virtual,upright, and of the same shape and size as the object it is reflecting.
Hence, option B is incorrect statement.

When the angle between two plane mirrors is $\displaystyle { 60 }^{ o }$, how many multiple images will be formed by the mirrors?

  1. $6$

  2. $7$

  3. $4$

  4. $5$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Number of images will be given by,

 
                  =$\dfrac{360}{\theta} -1$


given,  $\theta=60$

               $\therefore$    Number of images will be 5.

When a divergent beam of light is incident on a plane mirror, the image formed is

  1. Upright and real

  2. Upright and virtual

  3. Inverted and virtual

  4. Inverted and real


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It should be remembered that plane mirror always form virtual and errect image and that too of same but laterally inverted.

A virtual image formed by a plane mirror is -

  1. Diminished

  2. Inverted

  3. Erect

  4. Enlarged


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A plane mirror always forms erect image and of same size as well.

An object is placed at a distance of $0.25m$ in front of a plane mirror. The distance between the object and the image is:

  1. $0.5m$

  2. $1m$

  3. $0.25m$

  4. $0.75m$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

For reflection from a plane mirror, distance between object and mirror $=$ distance between mirror and the image$=0.25m$

So, distance between object and image$=$ (distance between object and mirror) $+$ (distance between mirror and image) $=(0.25+0.25)m=0.5m$

If $x _1$ be the size of the magnified image and $x _2$ the size of the diminished image in Lens Displacement Method, then the size of the object is

  1. $\sqrt{x _1x _2}$

  2. $x _1x _2$

  3. $x _1^2x _2$

  4. $x _1x^2 _2$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The size of the object in accordance with the Fresnel's displacement law is given by $\sqrt{x _1x _2}$.

If a mirror forms a virtual image of a real object then

  1. it must be a convex mirror.

  2. it must be concave mirror.

  3. it must be a plane mirror.

  4. it may be any of the mirrors mentioned above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A mirror that forms a virtual image of a real object is :
(a) Concave mirror: When object is placed only between pole and focus of the mirror.
(b) Convex mirror: For all positions of objects, image is virtual.
(c) Plane mirror: Image formed is virtual.

Amount of light reflected depends upon

  1. Nature of material of the object

  2. Nature of the surface

  3. Smoothness of the surface

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Amount of light reflected depends upon nature of material of the object, nature of the surface and smoothness of the surface. If the material is opaque for an incident light, then the total amount of incident light gets reflected. Otherwise, a part of the incident light can get transmitted.  If the surface is smooth, the reflection is more, otherwise reflected light can get scattered. 

Which type of an image is formed by a plane mirror?

  1. Real & inverted

  2. Real & erect

  3. Virtual & erect

  4. Virtual & inverted


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The image that is formed by a plane mirror will be virtual, upright, same size and inverted

The object distance and the image distance will be equal.

Thus, the image formed by a plane mirror is virtual and inverted.

Image formed by a plane mirror is
a) of same size as that of object
b) at the same distance behind the mirror as the object in front
c) erect, virtual
Mark the correct statements:

  1. a and b

  2. b and c

  3. a and c

  4. All


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Image formed by a plane mirror is of same size as that of object and is formed at the same distance behind the mirror as object is in front of the mirror.

And the image formed is virtual, erect and laterally inverted.

Answer-(D)

A plane mirror is made up of:

  1. a few metre thick glass plate

  2. a few mm thick glass plate

  3. a few cm thick glass plate

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A plane mirror is made from a few mm thick glass plate. The front part is highly polished and the back part is silvered.

When the distance between the object and the plane mirror increases :

  1. The image remains same

  2. The size of the image will become less than the size of the object.

  3. The distance between the image and the plane mirror increases

  4. The distance between the image and the plane mirror decreases


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When the distance between the object and the plane mirror increases because the distance between the image and the plane mirror increases.

Which of the following are the properties of plane mirror images?

  1. The image is the same size as the object

  2. The image is virtual

  3. The image is inverted

  4. Image distance is equal to object distance


Correct Option: A,B,D
Explanation:

In case of a plane mirror, image is virtual, erect, same size as the object and image distance is equal to object distance.

A point object is placed midway between two plane mirrors a distance apart. The plane mirrors form an infinite number of images due to multiple reflections. The distance between nth order images formed in the two mirrors is

  1. $n a$

  2. $2 n a$

  3. $0.5 n a$

  4. ${ n }^{ 2 }a$


Correct Option: C
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